HESI RN
Nightdale College HESI Pharmacology RN Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with a seizure disorder is seen at the clinic for a follow-up visit and a prescription renewal for phenytoin. Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse? Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Double vision indicates phenytoin toxicity, which can impair coordination and increase fall risk. Immediate intervention, such as notifying the provider and checking serum levels, prevents complications like ataxia or seizures. Gums and insomnia are less urgent side effects.
Question 2 of 5
A client with heart failure (HF) develops hyperaldosteronism and spironolactone is prescribed. Which instruction should the nurse include in this client's plan of care? Which instruction should the nurse include in this client's plan of care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, can cause hyperkalemia. Limiting high-potassium foods like bananas and oranges prevents dangerous potassium elevations, which can lead to arrhythmias. Salt substitutes often contain potassium, and bruising or photosensitivity are not primary concerns.
Question 3 of 5
A female client with multiple sclerosis reports having less fatigue and improved memory since she began using the herbal supplement, ginkgo biloba. Which information is most important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan for this client? Which information is most important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ginkgo biloba’s antiplatelet effects increase bleeding risk when combined with aspirin or NSAIDs, a critical interaction for clients with multiple sclerosis who may use these for pain. This is the most important teaching point to prevent serious bleeding complications.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse administers risedronate to a client with osteoporosis at 0700. The client asks for a glass of milk to drink with the medication. Which action should the nurse take? Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Risedronate, a bisphosphonate, requires administration with water on an empty stomach to ensure absorption, as calcium in milk binds to the drug, reducing efficacy. Instructing the client to take it with water only is critical. Delaying or taking with food/milk is incorrect and reduces effectiveness.
Question 5 of 5
A glucagon emergency kit is prescribed for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus to be used at home. When should the nurse instruct the client and family that glucagon needs to be administered? When should the nurse instruct the client and family that glucagon needs to be administered?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Glucagon raises blood glucose by mobilizing glycogen stores, indicated for severe hypoglycemia (e.g., unconsciousness or seizures) when oral glucose is not feasible. It is not used for ketoacidosis, hyperglycemia prevention, or sick days without hypoglycemia, making severe hypoglycemia the correct indication.