HESI RN
RN Medical Surgical HESI Questions
Extract:
A 70-year-old female presents to the emergency department through triage with a noticeable facial droop and garbled speech. After having a few drinks at a local seafood restaurant, the client's husband noticed his wife's speech became difficult to understand.
Question 1 of 5
The triage nurse does a rapid assessment of the client. Which data indicates the client is in need of immediate health interventions?
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Facial droop and garbled speech are stroke symptoms requiring immediate intervention to prevent brain damage.
Extract:
The client is a 68-year-old with a history of diabetes, hypertension (HTN), coronary artery disease (CAD), and recently diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). She has been placed on hemodialysis three times a week for one month. She presents to the emergency department (ED) with fatigue, generalized weakness, muscle cramps, tingling sensation in arms and legs, and lightheadedness following 3 days of illness during which her husband reports she has complained of nausea and had a poor appetite and was not able to go for her scheduled dialysis.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the physician orders. Which of the following physician's orders requires priority attention from the nurse? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: F,G
Rationale: Cardiac monitor and EKG are priorities due to chest discomfort and CAD history, indicating possible myocardial infarction or arrhythmia.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
In assessing a client with ulcers on the lower extremity, which findings indicate that the ulcers are likely to be of venous, rather than arterial, origin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Irregular shapes and severe edema are typical of venous ulcers due to impaired venous return, unlike arterial ulcers which show signs of poor perfusion.
Question 4 of 5
A client with acute renal injury (AKI) weighs 110.3 pounds (50 kg) and has a potassium level of 6.7 mEq/L (6.7 mmol/L) is admitted to the hospital. Which prescribed medication should the nurse administer first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is prioritized because it directly addresses hyperkalemia (elevated potassium), a life-threatening condition in AKI that can cause cardiac arrhythmias. The other medications address phosphorus levels or anemia, which are less urgent.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing an older client for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast. Which laboratory value should the nurse report to the healthcare provider before the scan is performed?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Serum creatinine of 1.9 mg/dL indicates renal insufficiency, increasing the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy. This must be reported to assess the safety of administering contrast media.