HESI RN
RN Medical Surgical HESI Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is providing dietary instructions for a client who is being discharged after passing a calcium oxalate renal stone. Which food should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spinach is high in oxalate, which contributes to calcium oxalate stone formation, and should be avoided.
Question 2 of 5
The client is in respiratory distress with an oxygen saturation of 78% on a non-rebreather oxygen mask. His abdomen is distended and tense. His skin is pale with capillary refill of 7 seconds. His pulses are faint. Electrocardiogram reveals heart rate of 88 beats/minute, normal sinus rhythm. Lung sounds are clear and equal bilaterally. The client's temperature is 97 °F (36.1 °C). Drag from the choices area to specify which condition the client is most likely experiencing, two actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and two parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Abdominal compartment syndrome is indicated by distended abdomen and respiratory distress. Paracentesis and fluid boluses address pressure and perfusion. Monitor oxygen saturation and urine output to assess progress.
Question 3 of 5
A client with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) calls the clinic to report difficulty wearing the continuous positive air pressure (CPAP) mask because it is uncomfortable. The client asks the nurse for an alternative way to manage sleep apnea. Which recommendation should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Weight loss reduces airway obstruction in OSA by decreasing fat deposits around the neck, offering an effective alternative to CPAP.
Question 4 of 5
The client has ____, which can cause ____ such as airway obstruction, bronchospasm, and pulmonary edema. The client also has ____, which can lead to ____ such as hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and metabolic acidosis.
| Inhaled smoke |
| Hypometabolism |
| Increased cardiac output |
| Respiratory problems |
| Initial fluid shifts |
| Electrolyte imbalance |
| High blood sodium levels |
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Inhaled smoke causes respiratory problems (airway obstruction, bronchospasm, pulmonary edema). Initial fluid shifts in burns lead to electrolyte imbalances (hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis).
Question 5 of 5
Specify which findings indicate early interventions for an ischemic stroke were effective? Each focused assessment area may support more than one clinical finding.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Speaking in short sentences, ambulating with a walker, and tearful sharing indicate improved speech, mobility, and emotional function post-stroke intervention.