HESI RN
HESI RN Med Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is admitting a client with possible tuberculosis (TB). The client is placed in a private room with airborne precautions pending diagnostic test results. Which diagnostic test should the nurse review to confirm the diagnosis of TB?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A sputum culture positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the gold standard for confirming TB diagnosis, as it directly identifies the causative bacterium, unlike other tests which may suggest but not confirm TB.
Question 2 of 5
Lactulose was prescribed two days ago for a client who was recently diagnosed with hepatic encephalopathy. The client is confused and experiencing frequent loose stools. Laboratory findings show an elevated serum ammonia (NH) level of 220 μg/dL (157.1 μmol/dL). Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lactulose reduces ammonia levels by promoting its excretion, and the elevated ammonia level indicates the need to continue therapy. Loose stools are an expected effect, and continuing the dose addresses the underlying hepatic encephalopathy.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is obtaining the admission history for a client with suspected peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Which subjective data reported by the client supports this disease process?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Upper mid abdominal pain described as gnawing and burning is a hallmark symptom of PUD, directly related to ulcer formation in the stomach or duodenum, unlike other symptoms which may suggest different conditions.
Question 4 of 5
A client with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is preparing for discharge following a transurethral needle ablation (TUNA). Which information should the nurse include in the discharge instructions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Monitoring the urinary stream for decreased output is critical post-TUNA to detect complications like re-obstruction, which could indicate issues with the procedure's effectiveness or healing process.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client receiving thrombolytic therapy following an acute myocardial infarction (MI). Which nursing problem should the nurse identify as priority for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Thrombolytic therapy increases bleeding risk, making the risk for injury due to bleeding the priority, as it can lead to severe complications like hemorrhage, requiring immediate monitoring and intervention.