HESI RN
Wgu HESI RN Pharmacology 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse administers naloxone to a client with opioid-induced respiratory depression. One hour later, nursing assessment reveals that the client has a respiratory rate of 4 breaths/minute, oxygen saturation of 75%, and is unable to be aroused. Which action should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Persistent respiratory depression (4 breaths/minute, 75% oxygen saturation) suggests ongoing opioid toxicity. A second dose of naloxone is needed to reverse opioid effects, as the initial dose may have worn off or been insufficient. GCS, chest tubes, or CPR do not address the opioid-related cause.
Question 2 of 5
Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) who is receiving insulin lispro?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin lispro, rapid-acting, peaks 1-2 hours post-dose, requiring meals shortly after administration to prevent hypoglycemia. Synchronizing meal timing with insulin is critical. Hypoglycemia checks, glucose sources, and monitoring are supportive but secondary.
Question 3 of 5
A female client starts a new prescription, oxybutynin, for symptoms of an overactive bladder. The client tells the nurse that she is training to run a half-marathon. Which instruction should the nurse emphasize?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oxybutynin’s anticholinergic effects reduce sweating, increasing dehydration and overheating risks during marathon training. Emphasizing hydration and heat precautions is critical to prevent complications. Bruising, infections, or sun injury are less relevant concerns.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate to a client in acute kidney injury (AKI). Which laboratory finding indicates that the medication has been effective? Reference Range: Glucose [74 to 106 mg/dL (4.1 to 5.9 mmol/L)] Hemoglobin [14 to 18 g/dL (140 to 180 g/L)] Potassium [3.5 to 5 mEq/L (3.5 to 5 mmol/L)] Ammonia [10 to 80 μg/dL (6 to 47 μmol/L)]
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate lowers potassium by exchanging sodium for potassium in the gut. A potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L (normal range) indicates effective hyperkalemia treatment in AKI. Ammonia, hemoglobin, and glucose are unaffected by this medication.
Question 5 of 5
A client who is newly diagnosed with diabetes insipidus (DI) is receiving a synthetic vasopressin intravenously. Which side effect of vasopressin reported by the client should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Worsening headache may indicate water intoxication or hyponatremia from excessive vasopressin-induced water retention, requiring immediate provider notification. Polyuria, low specific gravity, and polydipsia are DI symptoms, not vasopressin side effects.