HESI RN
HESI Pharmacology Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The healthcare provider prescribes the antibiotic tetracycline HCl for an adult client that arrived at an outpatient clinic. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tetracycline causes photosensitivity, increasing sunburn risk. Instructing the client to protect their skin from sunlight prevents skin damage. Orange juice, milk, or antacids reduce absorption, and serum levels are not routinely monitored for tetracycline.
Question 2 of 5
A client is receiving intravenous (IV) vancomycin and the nurse plans to draw blood for a peak and trough to determine the serum level of the drug. Which collection times provide the best determination of these levels?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Peak vancomycin levels, reflecting maximum concentration, are best measured one hour after IV dose completion. Trough levels, indicating minimum concentration, are drawn one hour before the next dose. This timing ensures accurate monitoring of therapeutic levels and prevents toxicity.
Question 3 of 5
A male client with a history of heart failure (HF) complains of heartburn when he lies down after dinner. The home health nurse should encourage the client to talk to the healthcare provider about using which over-the-counter medication to relieve this problem?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Heartburn suggests gastroesophageal reflux disease (GER
D), common in heart failure. Low sodium antacids neutralize stomach acid without exacerbating fluid retention, unlike high-sodium options. Diphenhydramine, aspirin, and acetaminophen do not relieve heartburn and are inappropriate for GERD.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is providing instructions about a client’s new medications. How should the nurse explain the purpose of probenecid, a uricosuric drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Probenecid increases uric acid excretion in urine, reducing blood levels and preventing gout attacks. It does not affect kidney stone formation, urine stream strength, or urinary pain, making uric acid excretion the correct purpose.
Question 5 of 5
A client receives a new prescription for levothyroxine. Which statement made by the client indicates to the nurse the education was effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Levothyroxine is best absorbed on an empty stomach, at least 30 minutes before breakfast, to ensure optimal efficacy. High-iodine foods may affect thyroid function, bedtime dosing risks insomnia, and iron supplements should be taken separately but not avoided entirely.