HESI RN
HESI RN Med Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
An infant born 2 days ago has not passed a meconium stool and begins to vomit bilious secretions. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gathering IV supplies addresses the risk of dehydration and shock from vomiting and possible bowel obstruction, which is the priority. Other actions are less urgent.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is conducting an admission assessment of an infant with heart failure who is scheduled for repair of restenosis of coarctation of the aorta that was repaired 4 days after birth. Findings include blood pressure higher in the arms than the lower extremities, pounding brachial pulses, and slightly palpable femoral pulses. Which pathophysiologic mechanism supports these findings?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Coarctation of the aorta narrows the aortic lumen, reducing blood flow to the lower extremities, causing higher blood pressure in the arms and weaker pulses in the legs.
Question 3 of 5
A 10-year-old boy has been seen frequently by the school nurse over the past three weeks after school begins in the fall. He reports headaches, stomach aches, and difficulty sleeping. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asking about a typical school day helps identify stressors causing physical symptoms, providing insight for emotional support. Other options are less relevant or premature.
Question 4 of 5
The clinic nurse receives a call from a parent of a 10-year-old who reports that their child just returned from summer camp and has developed an expanding circular red rash on the arm. The parent asks the nurse which over-the-counter (OTC) product is safe to use. How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An expanding circular rash may indicate Lyme disease, requiring urgent medical evaluation. OTC products may be ineffective or harmful.
Question 5 of 5
An adolescent client reports to the nurse of walking with a limp due to pain localized in the right knee which worsens at night but denies any recent injury or trauma. The nurse observes swelling and tenderness in the right lower thigh and imaging results reveal radial ossification in the soft tissues. Which condition should the nurse consider as the probable cause of the findings?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Osteosarcoma, a bone cancer, causes pain, swelling, and radial ossification in adolescents, matching the findings. Other conditions do not align with the symptoms.