Questions 74

HESI RN

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HESI RN Med Surg Exam 3 Questions

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Question 1 of 5

A client who weighs 176 pounds is admitted to the intensive care unit with a serum glucose level of 600 mg/dL (33.3 mmol/L). Regular insulin at a rate of 0.1 unit/kg/hour is prescribed. The pharmacy provides a solution of regular insulin 100 units/100 mL of normal saline. The nurse should set the infusion pump to deliver how many mL/hours?

Correct Answer: The nurse should set the pump to 8 mL/hour, calculated as 176 pounds ÷ 2.2 = 80 kg, 80 kg × 0.1 unit/kg/hour = 8 units/hour, 8 units ÷ (100 units/100 mL) = 8 mL/hour.

Rationale:

Question 2 of 5

A client who is receiving normal saline IV at 75 mL/hour has dry, sticky mucous membranes, and inelastic skin turgor. Which action should the nurse implement?

Correct Answer: Continuing the IV and encouraging oral fluid intake addresses dehydration indicated by dry mucous membranes and inelastic skin turgor.

Rationale:

Question 3 of 5

A client with a bowel obstruction is experiencing intractable vomiting for the last several hours despite the administration of prescribed antiemetics. The nurse obtains the client's arterial blood gas (ABG) results which identify a pH of 7.50, a PaCO2 of 42 mm Hg, and an HCO3 of 33 me/L (33 mmol/L). The nurse should interpret these results as confirming which acid-base imbalance?

Correct Answer: Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and elevated HCO3, resulting from loss of stomach acid due to vomiting.

Rationale:

Question 4 of 5

A client with heart failure (HF) is waiting in the preoperative area for a scheduled procedure and tells the nurse, 'My heart feels like it is beating too fast and I feel faint.' After initiating a call for an electrocardiogram (ECG), which assessment data is most important for the nurse to obtain?

Correct Answer: The rhythm of the apical pulse is critical to identify possible arrhythmias causing palpitations and faintness.

Rationale:

Question 5 of 5

During the evening shift, a client with Alzheimer's disease becomes agitated, restless, and repeatedly attempts to leave the room unattended. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

Correct Answer: Taking a walk with the client helps reduce agitation and restlessness through physical activity and supervision.

Rationale:

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