HESI RN
Nutrition HESI Practice Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for four clients. The nurse should observe which of the following clients for a risk of vitamin B6 deficiency?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic alcohol use disorder can lead to vitamin B6 deficiency due to impaired absorption and increased excretion of the vitamin. While clients with cystic fibrosis may be at risk for fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies, such as vitamins A, D, E, and K, they are not specifically at high risk for vitamin B6 deficiency. Clients taking phenytoin are at risk for folate deficiency, not vitamin B6. Clients prescribed rifampin for tuberculosis are at risk for vitamin D deficiency, not vitamin B6.
Question 2 of 5
A client underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and is learning about following a low-cholesterol diet. Which of the following food choices indicates the client's understanding of these dietary instructions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Beans. Beans are an excellent choice for individuals following a low-cholesterol diet post-coronary artery bypass grafting due to their low cholesterol content. Beans are high in fiber and protein, making them a heart-healthy option.
Choice A, Liver, is high in cholesterol and should be avoided in a low-cholesterol diet.
Choice B, Milk, contains cholesterol and saturated fats, which are not ideal for this diet.
Choice D, Eggs, are also high in cholesterol and should be limited in a low-cholesterol diet.
Question 3 of 5
Which statement best describes the effects of immobility in children?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Immobility in children indeed has physical effects similar to those found in adults. However, it can also significantly impact their development and growth.
Choice A is incorrect because immobility does not solely prevent language and fine motor development but affects various aspects.
Choice C is incorrect as susceptibility to the effects of immobility may vary between children and adults depending on individual factors.
Choice D is incorrect as not all children are likely to have prolonged immobility with subsequent complications.
Question 4 of 5
A client with a history of seizures is being monitored with an electroencephalogram (EEG). Which of these interventions should the nurse perform to prepare the client for the test?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Instructing the client to avoid caffeine for 8 hours before the EEG is essential. This intervention helps ensure accurate test results by preventing stimulation of the nervous system, which could interfere with the interpretation of the brain's electrical activity. Explaining the procedure and obtaining consent are important steps but do not directly impact the test results. Administering anticonvulsant medication as ordered is a medical intervention and not a preparation step for the test. Instructing the client to wash their hair the morning of the test is not necessary for EEG preparation.
Question 5 of 5
Which client calling the community health clinic would the nurse ask to come in that day to be seen by the health care provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because bright red urine without pain suggests possible hematuria, which is a concerning symptom that requires immediate medical evaluation. Option A mentions bright red urine but also relates it to starting a period, which is less likely to be an urgent issue. Option B describes increased urination, which may indicate hyperglycemia but doesn't require immediate evaluation. Option C presents symptoms more related to a urinary tract infection that may not require urgent attention.