Pharmacology HESI Quizlet

Question 1 of 5

A client is taking propranolol (Inderal LA). Which data collection finding would indicate a potential serious complication associated with propranolol?

A. The development of complaints of insomnia B. The development of audible expiratory wheezes C. A baseline blood pressure of 150/80 mm Hg followed by a blood pressure of 138/72 mm Hg after two doses of the medication D. A baseline resting heart rate of 88 beats/min followed by a resting heart rate of 72 beats/min after two doses of the medication

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The development of audible expiratory wheezes may indicate a serious adverse reaction, bronchospasm, associated with propranolol. Beta-blockers can trigger bronchospasm, especially in clients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma. This complication can lead to significant respiratory distress and should be addressed promptly to prevent further complications.

Question 2 of 5

A client is prescribed atorvastatin (Lipitor) for hyperlipidemia. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

A. Take the medication in the morning. B. Avoid consuming grapefruit juice. C. Increase intake of dairy products. D. Take the medication with food.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to include in the teaching plan is to advise the client to avoid consuming grapefruit juice. Grapefruit juice can increase the risk of atorvastatin (Lipitor) toxicity by inhibiting its metabolism. Atorvastatin is typically taken in the evening because cholesterol synthesis occurs at night. Increasing dairy intake is not specifically recommended for atorvastatin use, and the medication can be taken with or without food.

Question 3 of 5

Insulin glargine (Lantus) is prescribed for a client with diabetes mellitus. The nurse tells the client that it is best to take the insulin:

A. 1 hour after each meal B. Once daily, at the same time each day C. 15 minutes before breakfast, lunch, and dinner D. Before each meal, based on the blood glucose level

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Insulin glargine (Lantus) is a long-acting insulin with a duration of action of approximately 24 hours, making it suitable for once-daily dosing at the same time each day. This regimen helps maintain consistent blood glucose levels and simplifies the client's treatment routine. Taking insulin glargine once daily provides basal insulin coverage throughout the day, reducing the risk of hypoglycemia compared to short-acting insulins that are taken before each meal.

Question 4 of 5

A client who has been taking isoniazid (INH) for tuberculosis asks the nurse about the medication. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?

A. I should limit my alcohol intake. B. I should notify my doctor if I notice a yellowish skin color. C. I should take the medication with an empty stomach. D. I should notify my doctor if I experience numbness and tingling in my extremities.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Isoniazid (INH) is best absorbed when taken on an empty stomach. However, if gastrointestinal upset occurs, it can be taken with food. Limiting alcohol intake, monitoring for jaundice, and notifying the doctor of peripheral neuropathy symptoms are all appropriate actions while taking INH.

Question 5 of 5

A client is diagnosed with pulmonary embolism and is to be treated with streptokinase (Streptase). A nurse would report which priority data collection finding to the registered nurse before initiating this therapy?

A. Adventitious breath sounds B. Temperature of 99.4°F orally C. Blood pressure of 198/110 mm Hg D. Respiratory rate of 28 breaths/min

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Streptokinase therapy is contraindicated in severe uncontrolled hypertension due to the risk of cerebral hemorrhage. A blood pressure of 198/110 mm Hg indicates severe hypertension, which needs to be addressed before initiating streptokinase to prevent potential complications.

Nurselytic

HESI RN

HESI RN