HESI RN
HESI Pharmacology Practice Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they have applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are most effective when applied:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chemical sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun to allow them to penetrate the skin and provide optimal protection. Applying sunscreen in advance ensures it has enough time to be absorbed and offer the intended protection. It is important to reapply sunscreen after swimming or sweating to maintain its effectiveness.
Question 2 of 5
A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic, and the health care provider (HCP) prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse reviews the client's medication record and would contact the HCP if the client is taking which medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A, which can lead to toxicity when taken together.
Therefore, it is crucial to avoid concurrent use of vitamin A supplements with isotretinoin. Contacting the HCP to discuss discontinuing vitamin A supplements is important to prevent potential adverse effects.
Question 3 of 5
A client is receiving an intravenous (IV) infusion of an antineoplastic medication. During the infusion, the client complains of pain at the insertion site. The nurse notes redness and swelling at the site, along with a slowed infusion rate. What is the appropriate action for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a client complains of pain at the IV insertion site, and there are signs of extravasation such as redness and swelling, it is crucial to notify the healthcare provider immediately. Extravasation of antineoplastic medications can cause tissue damage, pain, and necrosis if they escape into surrounding tissues. Prompt action is necessary to prevent further complications and ensure appropriate management of the situation.
Question 4 of 5
The clinic nurse is reviewing a teaching plan for a client receiving antineoplastic medication. When implementing the plan, the nurse should advise the client:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the context of a client receiving antineoplastic medication, it is crucial for them to consult with healthcare providers (HCPs) before receiving immunizations (Option
C). Antineoplastic medications can suppress the immune system, making it essential to seek guidance from healthcare professionals to ensure that vaccinations are safe and effective for the client.
Option A is incorrect because aspirin, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, may increase the risk of bleeding when combined with antineoplastic medications, which can also affect blood clotting. Option B is incorrect because alcohol consumption can have adverse interactions with some antineoplastic drugs, leading to increased toxicity or reduced effectiveness.
Option D is incorrect because while it is generally advisable for clients on antineoplastic medications to consult with HCPs before receiving vaccines, flu vaccines are typically safe and recommended, especially for individuals with compromised immune systems. However, the overall principle of consulting with healthcare providers before any medical intervention remains important in the context of antineoplastic therapy.
Educationally, this question highlights the importance of medication safety and the need for clear communication between healthcare providers and clients when managing complex medication regimens, especially in cases where the immune system may be compromised. It underscores the critical role of healthcare professionals in guiding patient care to ensure optimal outcomes and minimize risks associated with drug interactions.
Question 5 of 5
The client with metastatic breast cancer is receiving tamoxifen. The nurse specifically monitors which laboratory value while the client is taking this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Calcium level. Tamoxifen may increase calcium levels, leading to hypercalcemia. Symptoms of hypercalcemia include increased urine volume, excessive thirst, nausea, vomiting, constipation, muscle weakness, and bone pain. Monitoring serum calcium levels is essential to detect and manage this potential side effect.