HESI RN
Biology Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following options is the term used to represent alternative versions of a gene?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Alleles. Alleles are different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome. They represent variations in a gene's DNA sequence.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms, while heterozygous and homozygous refer to different combinations of alleles in an individual, not the alternative versions of a gene.
Question 2 of 5
Water is a polar molecule that can be:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Water is a polar molecule due to an uneven distribution of electrons, allowing it to form hydrogen bonds. This property makes water both cohesive (attracted to itself) and adhesive (attracted to other substances).
Choice A is incorrect because water is not corrosive; rather, it is a solvent.
Choices C and D are incorrect as they do not describe the cohesive and adhesive properties of water.
Question 3 of 5
In which of the following does cellular respiration take place?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Mitochondrion. Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria, where glucose is converted into energy through a series of metabolic processes.
Choice A, Golgi apparatus, is incorrect as it is involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins.
Choice C, Chloroplast, is incorrect as it is the site of photosynthesis in plant cells, not cellular respiration.
Choice D, Ribosome, is incorrect as it is responsible for protein synthesis, not energy production through cellular respiration.
Question 4 of 5
What must first occur before a cell can be divided to grow, develop, and reproduce organisms?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: DNA replication. Before a cell can divide to grow, develop, and reproduce organisms, DNA replication must occur. This process ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical set of genetic information.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because while RNA, genes, and chromosomes are essential components of cell division, DNA replication is the specific process that must first occur to ensure accurate transmission of genetic material.
Question 5 of 5
Which organelle has the ability to hydrolyze fats, nucleic acids, proteins, and sugars?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Lysosomes. Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that are capable of breaking down various biomolecules such as fats, nucleic acids, proteins, and sugars. This organelle acts as the 'digestive system' of the cell.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because chloroplasts are involved in photosynthesis, mitochondria are responsible for energy production, and ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, not the hydrolysis of biomolecules.