HESI RN
HESI RN Exit Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is admitted for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Which breakfast selection by the client indicates effective learning?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Oatmeal with butter, artificial sweetener, and strawberries is a suitable choice for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease as it provides a balanced meal that helps manage blood sugar levels and kidney function.
Choice A contains high saturated fats and added sugars from bacon, butter, and jam, which are not ideal for this client.
Choice C includes high sugar content from maple syrup and pancake, which can negatively impact blood sugar levels.
Choice D contains high sugar content from orange juice and cold cereal, which can lead to blood sugar spikes, not suitable for a client with diabetes and CKD.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a chest tube following a pneumothorax. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Subcutaneous emphysema is the correct answer as it is most concerning in a client with a chest tube following a pneumothorax. It may indicate a pneumothorax recurrence or air leak, requiring immediate intervention to prevent complications. Oxygen saturation of 94% is acceptable and does not require immediate intervention. Crepitus around the insertion site may be a normal finding after chest tube placement and does not necessarily indicate a complication. Drainage of 50 ml per hour is within the expected range for a chest tube and does not require immediate intervention.
Question 3 of 5
A client with hypertension receives a prescription for enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. What instruction should the nurse include in the medication teaching plan?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Report increased bruising or bleeding.' Enalapril, an ACE inhibitor, can lead to thrombocytopenia, a condition characterized by a low platelet count, which increases the risk of bruising and bleeding. Instructing the client to report any signs of increased bruising or bleeding is crucial for monitoring and managing this potential side effect.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect: A - Increasing potassium-rich foods is not directly related to the side effects of enalapril. C - Developing a cough is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors, but it does not warrant stopping the medication unless advised by a healthcare provider. D - Limiting intake of leafy green vegetables is not necessary with enalapril unless specifically instructed by a healthcare provider for individual reasons.
Question 4 of 5
A female client receives a prescription for alendronate sodium (Fosamax) to treat her newly diagnosed osteoporosis. What instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to take alendronate on an empty stomach with a full glass of water. This instruction is essential to ensure proper absorption and prevent esophageal irritation. Taking alendronate with food, before bedtime with a light snack, or with milk can interfere with its absorption and effectiveness, leading to potential side effects or reduced therapeutic benefits.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who is receiving erythropoietin therapy. Which laboratory value requires immediate intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A serum potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L is most concerning in a client receiving erythropoietin therapy as it indicates hyperkalemia, requiring immediate intervention. High potassium levels can lead to severe cardiac arrhythmias and must be addressed promptly. The other laboratory values, though abnormal, do not present immediate life-threatening risks as hyperkalemia does.