HESI Practice Test Pediatrics

Question 1 of 5

The parents of a 10-year-old child with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes are being taught by the nurse about managing their child's condition. Which statement by the parents indicates they need further teaching?

A. We should rotate injection sites to prevent tissue damage B. Our child should avoid all sugary foods and drinks C. We will monitor blood glucose levels regularly D. Our child needs to wear a medical alert bracelet

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: It is important for individuals with diabetes to manage their carbohydrate intake, including sugary foods and drinks, rather than completely avoiding them. Sugary foods should be consumed in moderation as part of a balanced diet to help maintain stable blood glucose levels.

Question 2 of 5

The mother of a 4-month-old asks the nurse for advice in preventing diaper rash. What suggestion should the nurse provide?

A. At diaper change generously powder the baby's diaper area with talcum powder to promote dryness. B. Wash the diaper area every 2 hours with soap and water to help prevent skin breakdown. C. Use a barrier cream, such as zinc oxide, which does not have to be completely removed with each diaper change. D. Place a cloth diaper inside the disposable diaper for overnight periods when increased wearing time is likely.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Using a barrier cream like zinc oxide protects the skin and helps prevent diaper rash.

Question 3 of 5

Which nursing intervention is most important to assist in detecting hypopituitarism and hyperpituitarism in children?

A. Carefully recording the height and weight of children to detect inappropriate growth. B. Performing head circumference measurements on infants under one year of age. C. Assessing for behavioral problems at home and school by interviewing the parents. D. Noting tracked weight gain without a gain in height on a growth chart.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Recording the height and weight of children is crucial in detecting growth abnormalities like hypopituitarism and hyperpituitarism. Inappropriate growth patterns, such as disproportionate weight gain or stunted height, can be indicative of these conditions. Regular monitoring of height and weight is a fundamental nursing intervention that can aid in the early identification and management of pituitary-related disorders in children.

Question 4 of 5

The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old child who is scheduled for surgery to repair a fractured femur. The child's parent expresses concern about the child being afraid of the surgery. What is the nurse's best response?

A. Children at this age are usually not afraid of surgery B. It's normal for your child to feel scared. Let's talk about what to expect C. You should talk to the surgeon about your child's fear D. Don't worry, your child will be fine

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Acknowledging the child's fear and providing information about what to expect can help alleviate anxiety.

Question 5 of 5

During a follow-up clinical visit, a mother tells the nurse that her 5-month-old son, who had surgical correction for tetralogy of Fallot, has rapid breathing, often takes a long time to eat, and requires frequent rest periods. The infant is not crying while being held, and his growth is in the expected range. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

A. Stimulate the infant to cry to produce cyanosis B. Auscultate the heart and lungs while the infant is held C. Evaluate the infant for failure to thrive D. Obtain a 12-lead electrocardiogram

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Auscultating the heart and lungs while the infant is held can provide important diagnostic information in assessing the cardiac and respiratory status of the infant who had surgical correction for tetralogy of Fallot. This intervention can help the nurse identify any abnormal heart or lung sounds, which may indicate complications or issues that need further evaluation or intervention.

Nurselytic

HESI RN

HESI RN