HESI Pharmacology Quizlet

Question 1 of 5

A client has been prescribed cyclosporine (Sandimmune). Which food item should the client avoid based on the medication's interaction?

A. Red meats B. Orange juice C. Grapefruit juice D. Green, leafy vegetables

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Grapefruit juice should be avoided when taking cyclosporine because it inhibits the metabolism of the medication, leading to increased blood levels and a higher risk of toxicity. It is important for the client to follow this dietary instruction to ensure the safe and effective use of cyclosporine.

Question 2 of 5

A client is prescribed phenytoin (Dilantin) for seizure control. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the medication?

A. I should brush and floss my teeth regularly. B. I should take the medication with antacids. C. I can stop taking the medication once my seizures are controlled. D. I should avoid drinking milk while taking this medication.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct statement is 'I should brush and floss my teeth regularly.' Phenytoin (Dilantin) can cause gingival hyperplasia, so maintaining good oral hygiene is essential. Taking the medication with antacids can affect its absorption, so it should not be done. It is crucial not to stop taking the medication abruptly, even if seizures are controlled. There is no specific requirement to avoid milk while taking phenytoin (Dilantin).

Question 3 of 5

A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) for atrial fibrillation. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

A. I will avoid foods high in vitamin K. B. I will take the medication at the same time each day. C. I will use an electric razor to shave. D. I will take aspirin if I have a headache.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Clients taking warfarin (Coumadin) should avoid aspirin unless prescribed by their healthcare provider, as it can increase the risk of bleeding. The other statements are correct and do not indicate a need for further teaching. Taking aspirin along with warfarin can potentiate the anticoagulant effects of warfarin, leading to an increased risk of bleeding complications.

Question 4 of 5

The healthcare provider is analyzing the laboratory results of a client with leukemia who has received a regimen of chemotherapy. Which laboratory value would the healthcare provider specifically note as a result of the massive cell destruction that occurred from the chemotherapy?

A. Anemia B. Decreased platelets C. Increased uric acid level D. Decreased leukocyte count

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Following chemotherapy for leukemias and lymphomas, hyperuricemia is common due to the massive cell kill. Chemotherapy leads to the rapid destruction of cancer cells, releasing large amounts of nucleic acids, which are broken down into uric acid. Monitoring and managing uric acid levels are crucial to prevent complications such as renal damage and gout.

Question 5 of 5

A client who has begun taking fosinopril (Monopril) is very distressed, telling the nurse that he cannot taste food normally since beginning the medication 2 weeks ago. The nurse provides the best support to the client by:

A. Telling the client not to take the medication with food B. Suggesting that the client taper the dose until taste returns to normal C. Informing the client that impaired taste is expected and generally disappears in 2 to 3 months D. Requesting that the health care provider (HCP) change the prescription to another brand of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is to inform the client that impaired taste is an expected side effect of ACE inhibitors like fosinopril, such as Monopril, and typically resolves within 2 to 3 months. It is essential for the nurse to offer reassurance and education to the client about this common side effect to alleviate distress and encourage compliance with the medication regimen.

Nurselytic

HESI RN

HESI RN