HESI RN
Community Health HESI 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with a history of hypertension is prescribed enalapril (Vasotec). Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Increasing potassium intake can lead to hyperkalemia, especially in clients taking ACE inhibitors like enalapril. Hyperkalemia is a potential side effect of ACE inhibitors and can be exacerbated by consuming potassium-rich foods. Monitoring blood pressure regularly (
A) is important when taking antihypertensive medications. Reporting signs of infection (
B) is crucial as ACE inhibitors can lower the immune response. Avoiding salt substitutes (
C) is necessary because they may contain potassium chloride, leading to increased potassium levels, which can be harmful in combination with ACE inhibitors.
Question 2 of 5
A client is suspected of being poisoned and presents with symmetric, descending flaccid paralysis, blurred vision, double vision, and dry mouth. The nurse should consider these findings consistent with which potential bioterrorism agent?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: botulism toxin. The symptoms described, including symmetric, descending flaccid paralysis, blurred vision, double vision, and dry mouth, are classic manifestations of botulism, which is caused by a toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum. This toxin affects the nervous system, leading to muscle weakness and paralysis.
Choice A, ricin, typically presents with gastrointestinal symptoms and organ failure.
Choice C, sulfur mustard, causes blistering skin and respiratory issues.
Choice D, yersinia pestis, is associated with the plague and presents with fever, chills, weakness, and swollen lymph nodes.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a history of myocardial infarction is prescribed aspirin therapy. Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching plan?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to include in the client's teaching plan is to avoid taking aspirin with alcohol. Combining aspirin with alcohol can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and other complications. Taking aspirin with food helps reduce stomach upset, but it is not the most crucial instruction in this scenario. While taking aspirin at the same time every day can help with consistency, it is not as critical as avoiding alcohol. Discontinuing aspirin if experiencing ringing in the ears is important to address potential side effects, but it is not directly related to preventing complications when combining with alcohol.
Question 4 of 5
A client with a history of alcohol abuse is admitted with cirrhosis. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Peripheral edema in a client with cirrhosis can indicate fluid overload and worsening liver function, necessitating immediate intervention to prevent further complications such as respiratory distress, cardiac issues, or renal impairment. Jaundice (choice
A) is a common manifestation of cirrhosis but may not require immediate intervention unless severe. Ascites (choice
B) is also a common complication of cirrhosis that may require intervention but is not as urgent as addressing peripheral edema. Spider angiomas (choice
D) are typically benign skin lesions associated with cirrhosis but do not require immediate intervention unless bleeding or rupture occurs.
Question 5 of 5
A 56-year-old female client is receiving intracavitary radiation via a radium implant. Which nurse should be assigned to care for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A nurse with Marfan syndrome who is postmenopausal can safely care for the client because Marfan syndrome does not affect the ability to care for this client, and postmenopausal status minimizes the risk of radiation exposure affecting reproductive health.
Choice A is incorrect because pregnancy increases the risk of radiation exposure to the fetus.
Choice C is incorrect because a nurse with a cold may have a compromised immune system and should not be exposed to radiation therapy.
Choice D is incorrect because lactation can increase the risk of radiation exposure to breast tissue.