Correct Answer: C

Rationale: An elevated B-type natriuretic peptide indicates worsening heart failure, which requires immediate attention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Installing a bedside commode provides an immediate solution to the client's difficulty accessing the bathroom.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A serum glucose level of 600 mg/dL is extremely high in a client with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) and poses a significant risk of serious complications such as dehydration, coma, and electrolyte imbalances. Rapid intervention is crucial to normalize the glucose level and prevent further deterioration. Serum osmolality of 320 mOsm/kg, serum potassium of 4.5 mEq/L, and serum sodium of 140 mEq/L, while important to monitor in HHS, do not represent an immediate life-threatening condition that requires urgent intervention compared to the critically high glucose level.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Access to trauma care is crucial in rural areas due to the potential for delayed emergency response times.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Changing the colostomy bag every week is not sufficient; it should be changed more frequently to prevent leakage and skin irritation.