HESI RN
Community Health HESI Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which annual screening should the nurse include when planning eye health programs at a preschool?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of planning eye health programs at a preschool, the correct annual screening to include is visual acuity (Option A). Visual acuity screening is crucial in detecting refractive errors such as nearsightedness or farsightedness, as well as identifying potential eye conditions early on. This screening helps in ensuring that children have optimal vision for learning and development. Option B, red light reflex, is not typically included in routine preschool eye health screenings. Red light reflex is more commonly used in newborn screenings to detect abnormalities in the back of the eye. Option C, conjunctivitis, is a common eye infection but is not an annual screening test. It is diagnosed based on symptoms and clinical examination. Option D, glaucoma, is not typically screened for in preschool-aged children. Glaucoma is more common in older adults and is not a primary concern in eye health programs for preschoolers. Including visual acuity screening in preschool eye health programs is essential for early detection of vision problems that could impact a child's learning and development. Regular screenings help in timely interventions and support optimal eye health in young children.
Question 2 of 5
A male client who has been taking propranolol (Inderal) for 18 months tells the nurse the healthcare provider discontinued the medication because his blood pressure has been normal for the past three months. Which instruction should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) Ask the healthcare provider about tapering the drug dose over the next week. This instruction is appropriate because propranolol should not be abruptly stopped due to the risk of rebound hypertension and other potential adverse effects. Tapering the dose under the guidance of a healthcare provider helps the body adjust gradually and minimizes these risks. Option A) Abruptly stopping the medication is incorrect because it can lead to adverse effects like rebound hypertension, angina, or arrhythmias. Option B) Continuing the medication at the same dose is not the best choice as the client's blood pressure has been normal for the past three months, indicating a potential for dose adjustment or discontinuation. Option D) Increasing the dose of the medication is unnecessary and potentially harmful since the client's blood pressure has been normal, indicating that a dose reduction or discontinuation may be more suitable. In a community health nursing context, it is essential to educate clients on the importance of proper medication management and the potential risks associated with abruptly stopping certain medications. Collaborating with healthcare providers and following their guidance is crucial to ensuring the safe and effective management of medications in community settings.
Question 3 of 5
Following an emergency Cesarean delivery, the nurse encourages the new mother to breastfeed her newborn. The client asks why she should breastfeed now. Which information should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) To stimulate contraction of the uterus. After childbirth, the uterus needs to contract to prevent excessive bleeding. Breastfeeding triggers the release of oxytocin, a hormone that causes uterine contractions, helping the uterus return to its pre-pregnancy size and reducing the risk of postpartum hemorrhage. Option A) To bond with the baby, is a common reason for breastfeeding, but in this specific situation, the immediate benefit is related to uterine contractions. Option B) To help the baby latch on better, is not directly related to the mother's physiological response post-Cesarean delivery. Option D) To promote milk production, while important in the long term, is not the immediate priority right after a Cesarean section. Educationally, this question highlights the physiological benefits of breastfeeding beyond just infant nutrition. It emphasizes the role of breastfeeding in promoting maternal health by aiding in uterine involution and preventing postpartum complications. This knowledge is crucial for nurses working in community health settings to provide evidence-based care and support to postpartum mothers.
Question 4 of 5
A 6-year-old child is alert but quiet when brought to the emergency center with periorbital ecchymosis and ecchymosis behind the ears. The nurse suspects potential child abuse and continues to assess the child for additional manifestations of a basilar skull fracture. What assessment finding would be consistent with the basilar skull fracture?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Rhinorrhea or otorrhea with a halo sign. This finding is consistent with a basilar skull fracture, which is a serious injury that can occur due to significant head trauma. Rhinorrhea (nasal discharge) or otorrhea (ear discharge) with a halo sign (a ring of blood surrounding the fluid) indicates a cerebrospinal fluid leak, which is a concerning sign of a basilar skull fracture. Option A) Blurred vision is not typically associated with a basilar skull fracture but can occur with other head injuries or conditions affecting the eyes. Option B) Shoulder pain is not specifically linked to a basilar skull fracture. It is more commonly seen in musculoskeletal injuries or conditions involving the shoulder. Option C) Abdominal pain is not a typical manifestation of a basilar skull fracture. Abdominal pain may indicate issues within the abdomen, such as gastrointestinal problems or referred pain from other areas. Understanding the signs and symptoms of basilar skull fractures is crucial for healthcare providers, especially in cases of suspected child abuse where prompt identification and intervention are essential. This educational context underscores the importance of thorough assessment skills and knowledge of potential red flags for serious injuries in pediatric patients.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse notices that the influenza immunization rate is much lower for certain demographic groups than for others. Which intervention is likely to be most useful in increasing the rates of immunization in the underserved community groups?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) designated clinics conveniently located in target neighborhoods. This intervention is likely to be most useful in increasing immunization rates in underserved community groups because it addresses key barriers to accessing healthcare services, such as transportation and proximity. By providing designated clinics in target neighborhoods, individuals in underserved communities can easily access the influenza vaccine without having to travel long distances or incur additional costs. This strategy improves convenience and increases the likelihood that individuals will receive the immunization. Option B) reports decreasing influenza rates during times of greatest prevalence does not directly address the issue of access to immunization services in underserved communities. While providing information about decreasing rates may raise awareness, it may not necessarily lead to increased vaccination rates, especially in populations facing barriers to access. Option C) legislative proposals that mandate influenza vaccinations for all may be met with resistance and may not effectively address the underlying reasons for low immunization rates in underserved communities. Mandates can be controversial and may not necessarily address the root causes of disparities in healthcare access. Option D) radio announcements about the availability of the influenza vaccine may increase awareness but may not overcome the practical barriers that individuals in underserved communities face in accessing healthcare services. Simply knowing about the availability of the vaccine may not be sufficient to increase immunization rates in these populations. In an educational context, understanding the importance of addressing barriers to healthcare access and tailoring interventions to meet the specific needs of underserved communities is crucial in community health nursing. By implementing strategies that improve access and convenience, nurses can effectively increase immunization rates and promote better health outcomes in these vulnerable populations.