HESI RN
HESI RN Exit Exam Capstone Questions
Question 1 of 5
When teaching a group of mothers of young children about emergency care for poisoning, which of the following statements should be included?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct statement to include when teaching mothers of young children about emergency care for poisoning is to "Call the Poison Control Center prior to any interventions." This is the best course of action because Poison Control Centers have expert toxicologists who can provide specific guidance tailored to the type of poison ingested and the individual's age and weight. They can advise on whether inducing vomiting is appropriate or if other steps need to be taken. Option A, to induce vomiting immediately after poison ingestion, is not recommended as it can actually worsen the situation by causing aspiration or further damaging the esophagus. Option B, calling the Poison Control Center after inducing vomiting, is also incorrect because the order of actions is crucial in poisoning cases. Consulting experts before taking any action is important to ensure the correct steps are followed. Option D, taking the child to the emergency department before calling the Poison Control Center, is not the best choice because Poison Control Centers can provide immediate, expert advice over the phone, which can be crucial in saving time and potentially the child's life. In an educational context, it is vital to emphasize the importance of quick and informed action in cases of poisoning. Teaching parents to contact Poison Control Centers first can help prevent unnecessary harm and ensure the best possible outcome for the child. Prompt and correct intervention can make a significant difference in the management of poisoning emergencies.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client diagnosed with asthma. The primary purpose of the plan is to
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In preparing a teaching plan for a client diagnosed with asthma, the primary purpose is to educate them on avoiding allergens that trigger attacks, which is the correct answer (D). This is crucial as allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander can exacerbate asthma symptoms and lead to potentially life-threatening attacks. By identifying and avoiding these triggers, the client can effectively manage their condition and reduce the frequency and severity of asthma attacks. Option A (Prevent respiratory infections) is not the primary purpose of an asthma teaching plan, although preventing infections is important for overall health, it is not directly related to managing asthma. Option B (Prevent airway inflammation) is also essential in asthma management, but the primary focus of a teaching plan is to educate the client on trigger avoidance and symptom management. Option C (Maintain an open airway) is a general goal of asthma management but does not address the specific aspect of trigger avoidance, which is the primary focus of the teaching plan. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind the correct answer helps nurses tailor their teaching plans to meet the specific needs of clients with asthma. By emphasizing trigger avoidance and symptom management, nurses can empower clients to take an active role in managing their condition and improving their quality of life. A thorough understanding of asthma triggers and effective communication of this information is key to successful asthma management.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a chest tube following surgery. The nurse should intervene if which of the following is observed?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In caring for a client with a chest tube post-surgery, it is crucial for the chest drainage system to remain below chest level to ensure proper drainage of fluids by gravity. Option C is the correct answer because if the drainage system is positioned above the chest, it can lead to backflow of fluids into the chest cavity, potentially causing complications like pneumothorax or hemothorax. Option A is incorrect because securely taping the chest tube at the insertion site is a proper procedure to prevent dislodgement. Option B is incorrect as having the water seal chamber filled to the correct level ensures proper functioning of the system. Option D is incorrect as the absence of air leaks is important to maintain the system's integrity. Educationally, understanding the correct positioning of a chest drainage system is vital for nurses caring for post-operative patients with chest tubes to prevent complications and ensure optimal recovery. Nurses must possess the knowledge and skills to assess, maintain, and troubleshoot chest drainage systems effectively to provide safe and effective care to their patients.
Question 4 of 5
A client who is bedridden after a stroke is at risk for developing pressure ulcers. Which nursing intervention is most important in preventing this complication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of a client who is bedridden after a stroke, the most important nursing intervention in preventing pressure ulcers is to reposition the client every 2 hours (Option B). This is crucial as frequent repositioning helps to relieve pressure on bony prominences, improves circulation, and reduces the risk of tissue ischemia and subsequent ulcer formation. Applying lotion every 4 hours (Option A) may help with skin hydration but does not address the root cause of pressure ulcer development. Elevating the head of the bed 30 degrees (Option C) is important for preventing aspiration in some cases but does not directly prevent pressure ulcers. Massaging the skin at least twice a day (Option D) can actually exacerbate the risk of pressure ulcers by increasing friction and shearing forces on the skin. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind the correct intervention reinforces the importance of evidence-based practice in nursing care. It highlights the significance of proactive measures to prevent complications such as pressure ulcers, emphasizing the role of nursing interventions in maintaining patient skin integrity and overall well-being.
Question 5 of 5
After working with a very demanding client, an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) tells the nurse, 'I have had it with that client. I just can't do anything that pleases him. I'm not going in there again.' The nurse should respond by saying
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct response (option C) demonstrates empathy and a focus on problem-solving. By acknowledging the UAP's feelings and suggesting a collaborative approach to address the challenging situation, the nurse validates the UAP's emotions and fosters a supportive environment. This response promotes open communication, teamwork, and a patient-centered approach to care. Option A is incorrect because it dismisses the UAP's feelings and places the blame on the client, lacking empathy and problem-solving. Option B is not ideal as it puts the responsibility solely on the nurse to resolve the issue, missing the opportunity to involve the UAP in finding a solution collaboratively. Option D is inappropriate as it ignores the UAP's emotional distress and suggests avoiding the problem, which does not address the underlying issue or support the UAP effectively. Educationally, this scenario highlights the importance of effective communication, teamwork, and empathy in healthcare settings. It emphasizes the need for nurses to support and empower their colleagues, fostering a positive work environment and enhancing patient care outcomes through collaborative problem-solving.