What does confidentiality in reproductive health services mean?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Confidentiality in reproductive health services means that all information regarding the patient should be discussed only among the patient, provider, and supervisors involved in their care. Choice B is incorrect because sharing patient information with all healthcare staff goes against the principle of confidentiality. Choice C is incorrect because sharing patient information with family members should only be done with the patient's explicit consent. Choice D is incorrect as allowing patient information to be discussed in public areas violates patient privacy and confidentiality.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Transitional epithelium. The urinary bladder is lined with transitional epithelium, a specialized type of epithelial tissue that can stretch and recoil to accommodate changes in volume as the bladder fills and empties. Stratified epithelium (choice B) is not the main lining of the urinary bladder and is found in other areas like the skin. Glandular tissue (choice C) is responsible for producing secretions and is not typically found lining the urinary bladder. Endometrium (choice D) is the inner lining of the uterus and is not present in the urinary bladder.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Bromocriptine is primarily used to affect milk production. It is a medication commonly prescribed to help suppress lactation, particularly in cases of postpartum breast engorgement or when stopping breastfeeding. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as Bromocriptine is not indicated for relieving constriction ring, managing post-partum hemorrhage, or treating pre-eclampsia.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Carboprost is a synthetic prostaglandin used to prevent and treat postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) by causing uterine contractions, leading to hemostasis. The correct answer is option C, management of postpartum hemorrhage, because Carboprost is specifically indicated for this purpose in cases where conventional methods fail. Option A, affecting milk production, is incorrect because Carboprost does not have any direct effect on lactation. Option B, relieving constriction ring, is incorrect as Carboprost is not indicated for this purpose; rather, it is used for uterine contraction in PPH. Option D, inducing labor, is incorrect because although prostaglandins can be used to induce labor, Carboprost is not typically employed for this purpose due to its potency and potential side effects. In an educational context, understanding the specific indications of medications like Carboprost is crucial for safe and effective pharmacological practice, especially in the field of reproductive health. Knowledge of drug actions, indications, contraindications, and side effects is essential for healthcare professionals to make informed decisions in clinical scenarios involving maternal health and obstetrics.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: At 16 weeks of pregnancy, the sensation of prickling and tingling in the breasts is common due to hormonal changes. Montgomery's tubercles becoming prominent is more characteristic of early pregnancy, typically around the first trimester. Darkening of the nipple, known as areola darkening, can occur but is more commonly observed later in pregnancy. The expression of colostrum, the first milk produced by the mammary glands, usually happens closer to the end of pregnancy or after childbirth, not typically at 16 weeks.