Upon admission to the prenatal clinic, a 23-year-old woman informs the nurse that her last menstrual period began on February 15, and that previously her periods were regular. Her pregnancy test is positive. What is this client's expected date of delivery (EDD)?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) November 22. To determine the expected date of delivery (EDD) using Naegele's rule, you start with the first day of the last menstrual period (February 15) and add 7 days, then count back 3 months, and finally add 1 year. This calculation gives an EDD of November 22. Option B) November 8 is incorrect because it does not follow the proper calculation based on Naegele's rule. Option C) December 22 is incorrect as it is too far past the calculated EDD. Option D) October 22 is incorrect as it is before the calculated EDD. Understanding how to calculate the expected date of delivery is crucial in prenatal care as it helps healthcare providers monitor fetal growth, assess gestational age, and plan appropriate care for both the mother and baby. By mastering this skill, nurses can provide accurate information and support to pregnant individuals throughout their journey to motherhood.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct intervention is to provide immediate assistance to the mother to begin breastfeeding as soon as possible after delivery. This approach helps initiate bonding and successful breastfeeding. Taking action promptly can address the mother's desire to breastfeed and promote positive outcomes for both the mother and the newborn.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the scenario presented, the correct intervention for the 28-year-old client experiencing leg cramps during labor is Option B: Extend the leg and dorsiflex the foot. This intervention is appropriate because it helps to alleviate muscle cramps by stretching the affected muscle and improving circulation. Dorsiflexion of the foot helps to relieve tension in the calf muscle, reducing the cramping sensation. Option A, massaging the calf and foot, may not be advisable in this case as it can potentially dislodge a blood clot if the cramp is due to deep vein thrombosis. Option C, lowering the leg off the side of the bed, can worsen the cramp by increasing muscle tension. Option D, elevating the leg above the heart, is not typically indicated for leg cramps and may not address the underlying cause effectively. From an educational standpoint, understanding the rationale behind interventions for common discomforts during labor is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers working in maternity care. It is essential to know the appropriate measures to address issues like leg cramps to ensure the well-being and comfort of laboring individuals. By mastering these interventions, healthcare professionals can provide effective and evidence-based care during the labor and delivery process.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Ovulation typically occurs about 14 days before the start of the next menstrual period. This timing allows for the released egg to travel down the fallopian tube where it may be fertilized by sperm, leading to conception. Understanding the timing of ovulation is crucial for couples trying to conceive to increase their chances of success.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) A sterile glove. The rationale behind this choice is that during an amniotomy, which is the artificial rupture of membranes to induce or augment labor, the nurse performing the procedure must maintain a sterile field to prevent infection and ensure the safety of both the mother and the baby. Therefore, having a sterile glove available at the client's bedside is crucial to adhere to aseptic technique. Option A) Litmus paper is incorrect because it is used to test the pH of fluids, not necessary for an amniotomy procedure. Option B) Fetal scalp electrode is used for fetal monitoring during labor, not for an amniotomy. Option D) Needle and thread are not relevant to this procedure and could potentially cause harm if used inappropriately. Educationally, it is essential for nurses to understand the rationale behind the equipment required for specific procedures to provide safe and effective care to their patients. By knowing the correct equipment and its purpose, nurses can ensure proper execution of procedures, minimize complications, and promote positive outcomes for both the mother and the baby during childbirth.