HESI RN
Pediatric HESI Questions
Question 1 of 5
The parents of a 4-year-old child who has just been diagnosed with celiac disease are being educated by a healthcare provider. Which statement by the parents indicates a correct understanding of the condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For individuals with celiac disease, a strict gluten-free diet is essential for managing the condition. Foods containing wheat, barley, and rye must be completely avoided to prevent adverse reactions and damage to the intestines. This dietary restriction is crucial to ensure the child's health and well-being in managing celiac disease effectively.
Question 2 of 5
A mother brings her 3-month-old infant to the clinic, concerned about frequent vomiting after feeding. The practical nurse (PN) suspects gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Which recommendation should the PN provide to the mother?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct recommendation for reducing symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in infants is to keep the infant upright for 30 minutes after feeding. This position helps prevent the backflow of stomach contents, alleviating symptoms of reflux. Placing the infant in a prone position or providing larger, less frequent feedings may worsen symptoms, while offering only formula thickened with rice cereal is not the first-line intervention for GER.
Question 3 of 5
A 2-year-old child is admitted with severe dehydration due to gastroenteritis. Which assessment finding indicates that the child's condition is improving?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the case of a 2-year-old child admitted with severe dehydration due to gastroenteritis, the assessment finding that indicates the child's condition is improving is option C) Increased urine output. This is because increased urine output signifies that the kidneys are functioning well and able to concentrate urine, which is a positive sign of hydration status improving. Option A) Decreased heart rate is not a reliable indicator of improvement in dehydration as it can be a sign of cardiac compromise in severe cases. Option B) Sunken fontanelle is a sign of dehydration and would not indicate improvement. Option D) Dry mucous membranes are also a sign of dehydration and would not indicate improvement. Educationally, it is crucial for pediatric nurses to understand the signs and symptoms of dehydration in children and how to assess for improvement in their condition. Increased urine output is a key indicator of hydration status in pediatric patients and plays a vital role in monitoring their response to treatment. Nurses should prioritize assessing and monitoring urine output in dehydrated children to gauge their progress accurately.
Question 4 of 5
A two-year-old child with heart failure is admitted for replacement of a graft for coarctation of the aorta. Prior to administering the next dose of digoxin (Lanoxin), the nurse obtains an apical heart rate of 128 bpm. What action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Administering the scheduled dose is appropriate in this scenario as the heart rate of 128 bpm falls within the acceptable range for a two-year-old child with heart failure. It indicates that the child may benefit from the therapeutic effects of digoxin. Monitoring the heart rate closely after administration is essential to ensure the medication's effectiveness and safety.
Question 5 of 5
Which nursing intervention is most important to include in the plan of care for a child with acute glomerulonephritis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Weighing the child daily is crucial in managing a child with acute glomerulonephritis as it helps in monitoring fluid retention, which is a key concern in this condition. Daily weight monitoring allows healthcare providers to assess changes in fluid status and adjust treatment accordingly. It is an essential component of the care plan to ensure the child's health status is closely monitored during the management of acute glomerulonephritis.