HESI RN
HESI RN CAT Exit Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse offers diet teaching to a female college student who was diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia following her voluntary adoption of a lacto-vegetarian diet. What nutrients should the nurse suggest this client eat to best meet her nutritional needs while allowing her to adhere to a lacto-vegetarian diet?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Legumes and grains such as beans and rice should be combined to form complete proteins. Legumes are rich in essential amino acids that are lacking in grains, and vice versa. By combining them, the client can ensure she is getting all essential amino acids needed for protein synthesis. This is crucial for red blood cell production and overall health. A: Drinking whole milk instead of skim milk will not enhance amino acid production. Skim milk is a good source of protein, but it is not essential for enhancing amino acid production. B: Taking vitamin K will not directly enhance the production of red blood cells. Iron is the key nutrient needed for red blood cell production in cases of iron-deficiency anemia. C: Dark yellow vegetables such as carrots are not the best source of iron. While they are nutritious, they do not provide the heme iron needed to address iron-deficiency anemia effectively.
Question 2 of 5
While assessing a client who is experiencing Cheyne-Stokes respirations, the nurse observes periods of apnea. What action should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is to measure the length of the apneic periods. By measuring the length, the nurse can gather crucial information about the severity and frequency of the Cheyne-Stokes respirations. This data can help in determining the appropriate interventions and monitoring the client's condition. Elevating the head of the bed may help with breathing, but it does not directly address the apneic periods. Auscultating breath sounds and suctioning the oropharynx are not the priority actions in this situation.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis. Which outcome is the priority for this child?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because maintaining fluid balance is crucial in acute glomerulonephritis to prevent complications like fluid overload or dehydration. A urine output of 1 to 2 ml/kg/hr indicates proper kidney function. A: Activity tolerance is important but not the top priority. B: Absence of skin breakdown is important but not directly related to the condition. C: Nutritional status is vital but not as urgent as fluid balance in this case.
Question 4 of 5
A postoperative client returns to the nursing unit following a ureter lithotomy via a flank incision. Which potential nursing problem has the highest priority when planning nursing care for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ineffective airway clearance. Postoperative clients are at risk for respiratory complications such as atelectasis due to anesthesia effects and decreased mobility. In this case, a flank incision for ureter lithotomy may cause pain, impairing deep breathing and coughing, leading to ineffective airway clearance. Priority is given to airway management to prevent respiratory complications. Altered nutrition (B), fluid volume excess (C), and activity intolerance (D) are important but not as immediate as ensuring adequate oxygenation and preventing respiratory compromise.
Question 5 of 5
When the nurse enters the room to change the dressing of a male client with cancer, he asks, 'Have you ever been with someone when they died?' What is the nurse's best response to him?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it demonstrates empathy and encourages open communication. By acknowledging the client's question and offering to address any concerns, the nurse shows understanding and willingness to support the client emotionally. This response also promotes a therapeutic relationship and allows the client to express his feelings and fears. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the client's emotional needs or provide an opportunity for him to discuss his concerns about death. B and C are dismissive and do not encourage further discussion, while D minimizes the client's feelings and redirects the conversation away from his concerns.