The nurse is preparing a client for a scheduled surgical procedure. What client statement should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) I drank a glass of juice after midnight. This statement should be reported to the healthcare provider because ingesting anything, including juice, after midnight can increase the risk of aspiration during surgery, which is a serious complication. Reporting this information allows the healthcare team to take necessary precautions to prevent such risks and ensure the safety of the client during the surgical procedure. Option A is incorrect because it is important for the nurse to address the client's anxiety and provide support but it does not pose a direct risk to the surgical procedure. Option C is incorrect as having an allergy to latex is important information but it is not directly related to the immediate pre-surgical preparation. Option D is incorrect as experiencing nausea after a previous surgery is important information for the healthcare provider to know but it does not pose an immediate risk to the upcoming surgical procedure. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of preoperative assessment and client preparation in ensuring safe surgical outcomes. Nurses play a crucial role in gathering and communicating essential information to the healthcare team to optimize patient safety and care. It underscores the significance of attention to detail and thorough preoperative evaluations in nursing practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the most appropriate intervention for the public health nurse to prioritize is option A: provide free immunizations at local schools. This intervention is crucial because it directly addresses the accessibility barrier that low-income families often face in obtaining immunizations for their children. By offering free immunizations at local schools, the nurse can reach a large number of children who may not have easy access to healthcare facilities or the means to pay for vaccinations. Option B, creating educational materials about vaccine safety, while important, may not be as effective in increasing immunization rates in this community because lack of access, rather than lack of information, is the primary barrier. Option C, organizing a community forum to discuss immunization concerns, is valuable for addressing misconceptions and fears surrounding vaccines. However, it may not directly address the immediate need for increasing immunization rates in a low-income community. Option D, partnering with local media to promote the importance of vaccines, can be a useful strategy for raising awareness. However, without addressing the financial barriers that low-income families face in accessing vaccines, awareness campaigns alone may not lead to a significant increase in immunization rates. Educationally, this rationale highlights the importance of considering the specific needs of the community when planning public health interventions and the significance of addressing barriers to access in promoting health equity and improving health outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The most effective strategy for engaging high school students in learning about sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is option D: facilitating a discussion on safe sex practices. This approach is student-centered, interactive, and promotes critical thinking and active participation. Facilitating a discussion allows students to ask questions, share their thoughts and experiences, and engage in peer-to-peer learning. It creates a safe environment for students to discuss sensitive topics openly and learn from each other. This approach also empowers students to take ownership of their sexual health by actively participating in the conversation. On the other hand, providing detailed statistical data on STI rates (option A) may overwhelm students with information and fail to engage them effectively. Distributing brochures about STI prevention (option B) may not promote active learning or allow for the interactive exchange of ideas. Showing a documentary on the impact of STIs (option C) may be informative but lacks the opportunity for students to actively participate and engage with the material. In an educational context, facilitating a discussion on safe sex practices aligns with principles of active learning, student engagement, and promoting a supportive learning environment. By choosing this strategy, the nurse can effectively educate high school students about STIs in a way that is interactive, informative, and empowering.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In planning an educational campaign to reduce the incidence of hypertension in the community, the primary target should be middle-aged adults (Option C). This group is at a higher risk for developing hypertension due to lifestyle factors such as poor diet, lack of exercise, and increased stress levels. Middle-aged adults often have established habits that contribute to hypertension, making them a crucial group to educate about prevention and management strategies. By targeting this age group, the public health nurse can have a significant impact on reducing hypertension rates in the community. Adolescents (Option A) may not be the primary target as they typically have lower rates of hypertension compared to middle-aged adults. Young adults (Option B) may also have lower prevalence rates and may not be as receptive to health campaigns targeting chronic conditions. Older adults (Option D) are another important group but may already be managing hypertension or have established healthcare routines. Educationally, understanding the demographics most at risk for hypertension allows for targeted interventions that can yield the greatest impact on community health outcomes. By focusing on middle-aged adults, the nurse can address risk factors specific to this group and tailor educational materials to effectively promote behavior change and hypertension management.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of educating new mothers about infant care, the priority topic should be signs of infant dehydration (Option A). Dehydration in infants can be a serious and potentially life-threatening issue, so recognizing the signs is crucial for prompt intervention and prevention of complications. By prioritizing this topic, the nurse empowers mothers to monitor their infant's health closely and seek help when needed. Proper diaper changing techniques (Option B) are important for maintaining infant hygiene but do not pose an immediate health risk compared to dehydration. While the immunization schedule (Option C) is vital for the infant's long-term health, understanding signs of dehydration takes precedence due to its urgent nature. Breastfeeding positions (Option D) are significant for successful breastfeeding but are not as critical as identifying dehydration in terms of immediate health consequences. Educationally, this prioritization highlights the importance of recognizing and responding to urgent health concerns in infants, equipping mothers with essential knowledge for early intervention. It also underscores the nurse's role in guiding parents on prioritizing infant care topics based on urgency and potential impact on the infant's well-being.