HESI RN
HESI RN CAT Exit Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is planning discharge teaching for a client with chronic kidney disease. Which information is most important for the nurse to provide this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: The correct answer is C. Rapid weight gain may indicate fluid retention, a common complication in chronic kidney disease. Step 2: Monitoring daily weights (A) is important, but rapid weight gain is more indicative of fluid overload. Step 3: Limiting fluid intake (B) is crucial, but not the most important as fluid balance can be affected by various factors. Step 4: Increasing protein intake (D) is not recommended in advanced kidney disease due to potential strain on the kidneys.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who is newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which instruction should the nurse include in this client¢â‚¬â„¢s teaching plan?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rotate insulin injection sites. This is important to prevent lipodystrophy and ensure proper insulin absorption. Option A is incorrect because the client does not need to avoid all forms of sugar, but rather manage their intake. Option B is incorrect as blood glucose levels should be checked frequently, not just once a week. Option D is incorrect as monitoring urine ketone levels is not a primary teaching point for a newly diagnosed diabetic client.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) to a client. Which action is most important for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Verify the client's blood type is crucial to ensure compatibility and prevent adverse reactions such as hemolytic transfusion reactions. Step 2: Ensuring PRBCs are warm is important but not the most critical as they can be warmed before administration. Step 3: Checking vital signs is important but not the priority compared to verifying blood type for safe transfusion. Step 4: Obtaining consent is essential but does not address the immediate safety concern of blood type compatibility.
Question 4 of 5
A client with a history of seizures is being discharged with a prescription for phenytoin (Dilantin). Which instruction should the nurse provide this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid alcohol while taking this medication. Phenytoin interacts negatively with alcohol, increasing the risk of side effects and reducing its effectiveness in controlling seizures. Alcohol may also worsen drowsiness and dizziness caused by phenytoin. Choice A is incorrect as taking phenytoin with meals can decrease its absorption. Choice C is unrelated to phenytoin therapy. Choice D is incorrect as phenytoin should be taken at regular intervals throughout the day to maintain therapeutic levels.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a history of congestive heart failure (CHF) is admitted with fluid volume overload. Which assessment finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Shortness of breath. It is a concerning sign in a client with CHF and fluid volume overload, indicating possible worsening of pulmonary congestion. Shortness of breath can be a result of fluid accumulation in the lungs, leading to respiratory distress. Reporting this finding promptly to the healthcare provider is crucial for timely intervention to prevent further complications. A: Weight gain of 2 pounds in 24 hours could be an early sign of fluid retention, but shortness of breath is a more critical finding in this scenario. B: Presence of a cough may indicate pulmonary congestion, but shortness of breath is a more severe symptom that requires immediate attention. C: Edema in the lower extremities is a common manifestation of fluid overload but may not be as urgent as shortness of breath in indicating worsening condition.