HESI RN
HESI RN CAT Exit Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is planning discharge teaching for a client with chronic kidney disease. Which information is most important for the nurse to provide this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because sudden weight gain can indicate fluid retention, a common complication in chronic kidney disease. This can lead to serious issues like heart failure. Monitoring weight daily (A) is important, but specifically reporting significant gains promptly (C) is crucial. Limiting fluid intake (B) is important, but not the top priority. Increasing protein intake (D) may worsen kidney function, so it's not recommended.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who is newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which instruction should the nurse include in this client¢â‚¬â„¢s teaching plan?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rotate insulin injection sites. This instruction is crucial to prevent lipohypertrophy, which can lead to inconsistent insulin absorption. By rotating injection sites, the client ensures proper insulin absorption and prevents complications. Checking blood glucose levels once a week (B) is not frequent enough for proper diabetes management. Avoiding all forms of sugar (A) is an outdated approach, as moderation is key. Monitoring urine ketone levels (D) is not as reliable as blood ketone testing for assessing diabetic ketoacidosis risk.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) to a client. Which action is most important for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Verify the client's blood type. This is crucial before administering PRBCs to prevent a potentially life-threatening transfusion reaction. Step 1: Check the blood type on the PRBCs label. Step 2: Verify the client's blood type against the label. Steps 3: Crossmatch the blood to ensure compatibility. Checking vital signs (C) is important but not the priority. Ensuring PRBCs are warm (B) is not necessary. Obtaining consent (D) is important but verifying blood type takes precedence to ensure safe transfusion.
Question 4 of 5
A client with a history of seizures is being discharged with a prescription for phenytoin (Dilantin). Which instruction should the nurse provide this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid alcohol while taking this medication. Phenytoin interacts with alcohol, increasing the risk of side effects such as dizziness and drowsiness. Alcohol can also reduce the effectiveness of the medication. Taking the medication with meals (choice A) may help reduce gastrointestinal upset but does not address the alcohol interaction. Limiting sodium intake (choice C) is not directly related to phenytoin therapy. Taking the medication at bedtime (choice D) is not necessary for all clients and does not address the alcohol interaction.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a history of congestive heart failure (CHF) is admitted with fluid volume overload. Which assessment finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Shortness of breath. This assessment finding is crucial in a client with CHF and fluid volume overload as it indicates potential worsening of heart failure leading to pulmonary congestion. Shortness of breath is a common symptom of fluid accumulation in the lungs, requiring immediate intervention to prevent respiratory distress. A: Weight gain of 2 pounds in 24 hours may indicate fluid retention but is not as urgent as shortness of breath. B: Presence of a cough can be a symptom of CHF but is not as specific or concerning as shortness of breath. C: Edema in the lower extremities is also a common finding in CHF but does not directly signify acute respiratory compromise as shortness of breath does.