HESI RN
Pediatric HESI Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has been diagnosed with measles. Which intervention should the nurse implement to prevent the spread of infection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the case of a 4-year-old child diagnosed with measles, the correct intervention to prevent the spread of infection is to place the child in airborne isolation (option B). Measles is highly contagious and spreads through respiratory droplets, so isolating the child in a negative pressure room can help prevent the transmission of the virus to others in the healthcare setting. Administering antipyretics as prescribed (option A) may help manage the child's fever, but it does not directly address the spread of the infection. Encouraging fluid intake (option C) is important for maintaining hydration, but it does not specifically prevent the spread of measles. Teaching the parents about hand hygiene (option D) is a good practice to prevent the spread of many infections, but in the case of measles which is primarily airborne, airborne isolation is the most effective method. In an educational context, it is crucial for pediatric nurses to understand the specific isolation precautions required for different infectious diseases to prevent the spread of infections within healthcare settings. Airborne precautions are essential for diseases like measles to protect both patients and healthcare workers from exposure to infectious agents.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant who has just received routine immunizations. The mother reports that the baby has been fussy and has a low-grade fever since the immunizations. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fussiness and low-grade fever are common side effects of immunizations in infants and usually resolve on their own. It is important for the nurse to educate the mother about these expected reactions to help ease her concerns. Immediate evaluation or giving aspirin to an infant for fever is not necessary or safe, as aspirin can be harmful to infants.
Question 3 of 5
A 3-year-old child is brought to the clinic by the parents who are concerned that the child is not yet potty trained. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The best response for the nurse in this scenario is option B) Every child develops at their own pace. Let's discuss some strategies to help. This response is the most appropriate because it acknowledges the normal variability in child development and encourages a supportive and individualized approach to potty training. Option A is incorrect because it creates unnecessary worry for the parents by implying that their child should be potty trained by a certain age, which can increase parental stress and pressure on the child. Option C is also incorrect as suggesting immediate evaluation for developmental delays without further assessment or observation can cause undue alarm for the parents. It is important to approach developmental concerns with sensitivity and thorough assessment. Option D is not the best choice as forcing a child to use the potty can lead to negative associations with the process and may hinder successful potty training. It is essential to promote positive reinforcement and patience in potty training. In a pediatric nursing context, it is crucial to understand and communicate to parents that children reach developmental milestones at different rates. Providing support, guidance, and individualized strategies can help parents navigate challenges like potty training with a positive and informed approach.
Question 4 of 5
The healthcare provider is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of digoxin to a 4-year-old child with heart failure. The healthcare provider notes that the child's heart rate is 70 beats per minute. What should the healthcare provider do next?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In pediatric patients, digoxin administration is guided by the heart rate. If the child's heart rate is below the established threshold, which is typically 90-100 beats per minute in a 4-year-old, the medication should be withheld, and the healthcare provider should be notified for further evaluation and instructions.
Question 5 of 5
A 6-year-old child with a history of asthma is brought to the emergency department with difficulty breathing and a severe cough. The nurse notes that the child is using accessory muscles to breathe and has a peak flow reading in the red zone. What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a 6-year-old child with asthma experiencing difficulty breathing and using accessory muscles to breathe with a peak flow reading in the red zone, the priority intervention is to administer a nebulized bronchodilator first. Nebulized bronchodilators help open the airways quickly, providing immediate relief and improving breathing. This intervention aims to address the acute respiratory distress the child is experiencing before considering other assessments or interventions such as obtaining arterial blood gases, starting oxygen therapy, or contacting the healthcare provider.