HESI RN
HESI Community Health Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is assessing a client with a suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which finding supports this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In assessing a client with suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT), the finding that supports this diagnosis is "D) Redness and warmth in the affected leg." This is because redness and warmth are classic signs of inflammation that commonly occur in the presence of a DVT. Option A, a positive Homan's sign, is an outdated and unreliable test for DVT and is no longer recommended due to its potential to dislodge a clot. Option B, unilateral leg swelling, can be seen in DVT but is a less specific finding compared to redness and warmth. Option C, bilateral calf pain, is not typically associated with DVT, as DVT usually presents with unilateral symptoms. In an educational context, it is crucial for nursing students to understand the key clinical manifestations of DVT to ensure timely and accurate assessment and intervention. Recognizing signs like redness and warmth in the affected leg can prompt swift action to prevent complications such as pulmonary embolism. Students should also be aware of outdated practices like Homan's sign and understand the importance of evidence-based assessment techniques in modern nursing practice.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is developing a community health program to address the high rates of hypertension in a neighborhood. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of addressing high rates of hypertension in a community through a health program, prioritizing conducting free blood pressure screenings (Option A) is crucial. This intervention allows for early detection of hypertension, which is essential for timely intervention and management. By identifying individuals with high blood pressure, the nurse can provide immediate education, counseling, and referrals to healthcare providers for further evaluation and treatment. Distributing educational materials on hypertension (Option B) is important, but it may not reach as many individuals as conducting screenings would. Without knowing their current blood pressure status, individuals may not be motivated to engage with educational materials. Holding workshops on stress management (Option C) and partnering with local gyms to offer discounted memberships (Option D) are valuable interventions for promoting overall health but may not directly address the primary issue of hypertension prevalence in the community. From an educational perspective, understanding the importance of early detection and intervention in hypertension management is fundamental for nurses working in community health. It highlights the significance of proactive screening initiatives in preventing complications associated with uncontrolled hypertension, thus emphasizing the importance of prioritizing evidence-based interventions for optimal community health outcomes.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning a community health fair to promote cancer awareness. Which activity should be included to best engage participants?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of a community health fair aimed at promoting cancer awareness, offering free cancer screenings (Option A) is the best activity to engage participants. This option allows for immediate, tangible benefits by providing individuals with an opportunity to access important health information about their own well-being. Free cancer screenings not only attract participants but also serve as a proactive measure for early detection and intervention, which is crucial in improving cancer outcomes. By participating in the screenings, attendees are actively engaging in their health and taking a step towards preventive care. The other options, such as lectures on cancer prevention (Option B), distribution of educational materials (Option C), and testimonials from cancer survivors (Option D), while valuable in their own right, may not have the same level of immediate impact and engagement as free screenings. Lectures and materials, while informative, may not always capture the attention of a diverse audience, and testimonials, while inspiring, may not provide the same actionable information as a screening. In an educational context, understanding the importance of interactive and practical approaches to health promotion is key. By offering free cancer screenings, the nurse not only engages participants actively but also empowers them to take charge of their health through preventive measures. This hands-on approach aligns with best practices in community health nursing, emphasizing the importance of proactive health promotion strategies.
Question 4 of 5
A client with a history of heart failure is admitted with severe dyspnea. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should implement placing the client in a high Fowler's position (Option B) as the first intervention. Placing the client in a high Fowler's position helps improve lung expansion and oxygenation by reducing pressure on the diaphragm and enhancing chest expansion, which can alleviate dyspnea in clients with heart failure. Administering oxygen at 2 liters per minute via nasal cannula (Option A) could be the next step after positioning the client correctly. Oxygen therapy is essential for clients with respiratory distress, but positioning comes first to optimize oxygenation. Obtaining a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) (Option C) is important in assessing cardiac function, but it is not the priority when a client is in severe distress. Administering intravenous furosemide (Lasix) (Option D) is a common treatment for heart failure, but it is not the initial intervention in this acute situation. Educationally, this question highlights the critical thinking and prioritization skills needed in community health nursing. Understanding the rationale for each intervention can help nurses provide safe and effective care for clients with heart failure and respiratory distress.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, option B, "I will follow a diet low in carbohydrates," indicates a need for further teaching because it is not an accurate statement for a client with diabetes mellitus. Carbohydrates directly impact blood sugar levels, but they are an essential part of a balanced diet. The correct answer is A, monitoring blood sugar levels daily, as this is a crucial aspect of diabetes management to prevent complications like hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia. Option C, rotating injection sites for insulin, is also a correct statement as it helps prevent tissue damage and ensures proper insulin absorption. Option D, exercising regularly to manage diabetes, is also a valid statement as physical activity plays a significant role in blood sugar control and overall health for individuals with diabetes. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind each answer choice helps reinforce key concepts in diabetes management. Teaching clients accurate information empowers them to take control of their health effectively and prevent complications associated with diabetes. It is essential for nurses to provide comprehensive education tailored to each client's needs to promote successful self-management of diabetes.