The mother of a 4-month-old asks the nurse for advice in preventing diaper rash. What suggestion should the nurse provide?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option C: Use a barrier cream, such as zinc oxide, which does not have to be completely removed with each diaper change. This recommendation is appropriate because barrier creams create a protective layer on the skin, preventing irritation from moisture and friction. Zinc oxide specifically has soothing and healing properties, aiding in preventing and treating diaper rash. Additionally, not having to remove the cream completely at each change reduces skin irritation from frequent wiping. Option A is incorrect because talcum powder can actually lead to respiratory issues when inhaled by the baby and does not provide a barrier to moisture. Option B suggests using soap and water every 2 hours, which can strip the skin of natural oils and cause further irritation. Option D is unnecessary and can increase the risk of overheating and discomfort for the baby due to the added bulk of the cloth diaper. In a pediatric nursing context, it is crucial to educate parents on proper diaper care to prevent common issues like diaper rash. Teaching about barrier creams and their benefits, along with proper hygiene practices, helps parents maintain their baby's skin health and comfort.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse's best response is option D) "Let's wave bye-bye to mommy." This response encourages positive separation by involving the child in a familiar, comforting action of saying goodbye. It acknowledges the child's emotions, offers support, and promotes a sense of control in the situation. Option A is not the best choice as reading a book may not address the child's immediate emotional needs of separation anxiety. Option B is incorrect as it dismisses the child's emotions and presents an unrealistic expectation. Option C is not ideal as it may pressure the child to suppress emotions and may not facilitate a smooth separation process. In pediatric nursing, understanding child development stages, such as separation anxiety in toddlers, is crucial. Nurses should support children's emotional needs, promote attachment security, and provide guidance to both children and parents on coping strategies during separation moments. Effective communication and empathy are key in helping children navigate such situations positively.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Providing positive feedback is essential in reinforcing correct behaviors. By praising the mother for properly administering the ferrous sulfate to her 11-month-old, the nurse can encourage her to continue following the correct procedure. This positive reinforcement can boost the mother's confidence and adherence to the recommended administration method, ultimately benefiting the infant's health.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Recording the height and weight of children is crucial in detecting growth abnormalities like hypopituitarism and hyperpituitarism. Inappropriate growth patterns, such as disproportionate weight gain or stunted height, can be indicative of these conditions. Regular monitoring of height and weight is a fundamental nursing intervention that can aid in the early identification and management of pituitary-related disorders in children.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct initial action for the nurse to take is option B: Provide disposable training pants while calming the mother. This response is the most appropriate because it addresses the immediate need of the child who has wet his pants, while also acknowledging and empathizing with the mother's distress. Providing disposable training pants not only helps to manage the current situation effectively but also demonstrates a supportive and non-judgmental approach towards the child and the mother. By calming the mother, the nurse can help de-escalate the situation and open up a dialogue to understand the underlying reasons for the child's behavior. The other options are incorrect for various reasons: A) Suggesting a consultation with a pediatric nephrologist is not the most immediate or relevant action in this situation, as wetting pants at the age of 3 is a common developmental issue. C) Referring the mother to a parent education program may be beneficial in the long term but does not address the immediate needs of the child or the current distress of the mother. D) Informing the mother that toilet training is slower for boys may be true to some extent, but it does not offer a practical solution to the immediate issue at hand. In a pediatric nursing context, it is crucial to approach situations with sensitivity, empathy, and a focus on immediate needs. By providing practical support and reassurance to both the child and the parent, nurses can effectively address challenging situations and promote a positive healthcare experience for families.