HESI RN
HESI Medical Surgical Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The healthcare provider is assessing a client who is receiving hemodialysis for the first time. Which of the following findings should be reported to the healthcare provider immediately?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nausea and vomiting are critical symptoms that should be reported immediately when a client is receiving hemodialysis for the first time. These symptoms could indicate a severe complication, such as hypotension, infection, electrolyte imbalance, or other adverse reactions to the procedure. It is essential to address these symptoms promptly to prevent further complications or harm to the client. Choices A, C, and D are not immediate concerns during the first hemodialysis session and can be addressed appropriately after addressing the urgent issue of nausea and vomiting.
Question 2 of 5
The client with chronic renal failure is receiving education on managing fluid intake. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Choice C is the correct answer. Clients with chronic renal failure should not skip dialysis sessions, as this can lead to serious complications. Dialysis is crucial for managing fluid and electrolyte balance in these clients. Choice A is incorrect because clients with renal failure often have fluid restrictions. Choice B is incorrect as high-sodium foods can worsen fluid retention in clients with renal failure. Choice D is incorrect because dietary restrictions are important in managing chronic renal failure, and eating whatever one wants can lead to further complications.
Question 3 of 5
The client with chronic renal failure is receiving instruction on dietary restrictions. Which of the following food items should the client be instructed to avoid?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bananas. Bananas are high in potassium, and individuals with chronic renal failure are often advised to limit potassium intake to prevent hyperkalemia. Apples, rice, and potatoes are lower in potassium and can be included in moderation in the diet of clients with chronic renal failure.
Question 4 of 5
The client with chronic renal failure is being educated on dietary restrictions. Which of the following foods should the client avoid?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bananas. Bananas are high in potassium, and clients with chronic renal failure are often advised to follow a low-potassium diet to prevent hyperkalemia. Oranges and apples are also high in potassium and should be avoided by clients with renal issues. Rice, on the other hand, is low in potassium and is generally considered safe for individuals with chronic renal failure to consume in moderation.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with chronic renal failure who is on a low-potassium diet. Which of the following foods should the client avoid?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bananas are high in potassium content, which can lead to hyperkalemia in clients with chronic renal failure who are on a low-potassium diet. Therefore, it is crucial for these clients to avoid bananas. Potatoes, rice, and apples are lower in potassium compared to bananas and are generally considered safe for consumption in clients with chronic renal failure on a low-potassium diet.