HESI RN
HESI Community Health Questions
Question 1 of 5
The healthcare professional is developing a program to promote healthy eating habits in a community with high rates of obesity. Which strategy is most likely to be effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Offering cooking classes that focus on healthy recipes is the most effective strategy among the choices provided. These classes not only provide valuable knowledge about nutrition but also offer hands-on experience in preparing healthy meals. This practical approach can significantly impact participants' behavior and increase the likelihood of them adopting healthier eating habits. Distributing educational pamphlets may not have the same level of engagement and interaction as cooking classes. A social media campaign, while informative, may not result in direct behavioral changes. Providing free health screenings, though beneficial for early detection, does not directly address the promotion of healthy eating habits, unlike the hands-on approach of cooking classes.
Question 2 of 5
During a follow-up home visit, the nurse observes that a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is using accessory muscles to breathe and has a pulse oximetry reading of 88%. What action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this situation, the nurse should first instruct the client to perform pursed-lip breathing. Pursed-lip breathing helps improve oxygenation and decrease the work of breathing in clients with COPD. Administering a bronchodilator or increasing the oxygen flow rate may be necessary interventions but addressing the breathing technique through pursed-lip breathing is the initial action to optimize oxygenation. Notifying the healthcare provider immediately is not the first action indicated in this scenario; the nurse should intervene promptly to assist the client in improving breathing before escalating the situation.
Question 3 of 5
A school nurse is planning a program to address bullying among students. Which strategy is most likely to be effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Promoting bystander intervention is the most effective strategy as it empowers students to take action and prevent bullying incidents. By encouraging bystanders to intervene when they witness bullying, the behavior is less likely to continue. Zero-tolerance policies may have limited effectiveness as they often focus on punishment rather than prevention. Peer mediation and conflict resolution workshops are valuable but may not directly address the immediate need for bystander intervention in bullying situations.
Question 4 of 5
During a repeat home visit to see an 84-year-old widow, the nurse discovers that the client is unkempt, smells of stale urine, and does not recognize her neighbors or the nurse. What action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should prioritize completing a physical and mental exam on the client. This action is crucial to assess the client's health status comprehensively and identify any underlying issues contributing to her unkempt appearance, odor of stale urine, and confusion. Calling the pharmacy to determine medications (Choice A) may be important but is not the immediate priority. Seeking family assistance (Choice B) can be helpful, but the client's condition requires a thorough assessment first. While adult protective services (Choice D) may be necessary in the future, the immediate action should be to assess the client's physical and mental health status.
Question 5 of 5
A public health nurse is planning a smoking cessation program for a local community. Which component is most important to include in the program?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In designing a smoking cessation program for a local community, including strategies for coping with withdrawal symptoms (Option B) is crucial because it addresses a significant barrier to quitting smoking. Withdrawal symptoms like cravings, irritability, and anxiety are common challenges individuals face when attempting to quit smoking. By equipping participants with coping strategies, such as deep breathing exercises, distraction techniques, or healthy alternatives, the program can enhance their ability to manage these symptoms effectively and increase their chances of successfully quitting. Option A, providing information on the health risks of smoking, is important but may not be as effective as addressing withdrawal symptoms directly. While knowledge of the health risks can motivate individuals to quit, it may not necessarily equip them with the practical tools needed to deal with the challenges of withdrawal. Option C, testimonials from former smokers, can be inspiring and offer emotional support, but without addressing coping strategies for withdrawal, participants may struggle to translate motivation into action. Option D, distributing nicotine replacement therapy, is a helpful intervention but should be part of a comprehensive program that also addresses behavioral and psychological aspects of smoking cessation. Simply providing nicotine replacement therapy without addressing coping strategies may not lead to long-term success in quitting smoking. In an educational context, understanding the importance of addressing withdrawal symptoms in smoking cessation programs is crucial for nurses and healthcare professionals working in community health. By focusing on practical strategies to help individuals manage withdrawal symptoms, healthcare providers can better support their clients in achieving successful smoking cessation outcomes.