HESI RN
HESI Fundamentals Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The health care provider has changed a client's prescription from the PO to the IV route of administration. The nurse should anticipate which change in the pharmacokinetic properties of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) The onset of action of the drug will occur more rapidly, resulting in a more rapid effect. When a medication is administered intravenously (IV) instead of orally (PO), it bypasses the absorption phase, leading to a faster onset of action. This is due to the direct entry of the drug into the bloodstream, allowing for immediate distribution and faster therapeutic effects. Option A is incorrect because changing the route of administration to IV does not lead to increased tolerance or necessitate a higher dose. Option C is incorrect as the protein-binding properties of a medication are not typically altered by changing the route of administration. Option D is also incorrect as increasing the therapeutic index would actually reduce the risk of toxicity, not increase it. From an educational standpoint, understanding the pharmacokinetic properties of medications and how different routes of administration can impact drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion is crucial for safe and effective nursing practice. Nurses must be able to anticipate how changing the route of administration can alter a medication's pharmacological effects to provide optimal patient care.
Question 2 of 5
An older adult who recently began self-administration of insulin calls the nurse daily to review the steps that should be taken when giving an injection. The nurse has assessed the client's skills during two previous office visits and knows that the client is capable of giving the daily injection. Which response by the nurse is likely to be most helpful in encouraging the client to assume total responsibility for the daily injections?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct response, "C) When I watched you give yourself the injection, you did it correctly," is the most helpful in encouraging the client to assume total responsibility for daily injections because it provides positive reinforcement and acknowledges the client's capability and successful performance. By affirming the client's correct technique, the nurse boosts the client's confidence and self-efficacy, which are crucial for promoting independence in self-care activities like insulin administration. Option A is incorrect because simply stating that the client is capable without specific feedback or reinforcement may not address the client's need for encouragement or validation of their actions. Option B is incorrect as it introduces the idea of nervousness, which may increase the client's anxiety and undermine their self-confidence. Option D is incorrect as it puts the responsibility back on the nurse instead of empowering the client to take control of their self-care. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to employ positive reinforcement and constructive feedback when teaching and supporting patients in self-care activities. By acknowledging and praising correct actions, nurses can motivate patients to take on more responsibility for their health management, leading to improved outcomes and increased self-confidence.
Question 3 of 5
The healthcare provider is assessing the nutritional status of several clients. Which client has the greatest nutritional need for additional intake of protein?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A lactating woman (B) has the greatest need for additional protein intake. Lactation increases the metabolic demands for protein to support milk production, making it essential for the mother to have a higher protein intake. While clients in choices A, C, and D also require protein for various reasons, they do not have the same increased protein demands as a lactating woman.
Question 4 of 5
A client is to receive cimetidine (Tagamet) 300 mg q6h IVP. The preparation arrives from the pharmacy diluted in 50 ml of 0.9% NaCl. The nurse plans to administer the IVPB dose over 20 minutes. For how many ml/hr should the infusion pump be set to deliver the secondary infusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) 150 ml/hr. To determine the correct infusion rate, we need to consider the total volume to be infused (50 ml) over the specified time (20 minutes). First, convert 20 minutes to hours (20/60 = 1/3 hr). Then, divide the total volume by the time to get the rate: 50 ml / 1/3 hr = 150 ml/hr. Option A) 75 ml/hr is incorrect because it would infuse the medication at half the required rate, which could lead to underdosing. Option C) 225 ml/hr and D) 300 ml/hr are incorrect as they would infuse the medication at a rate higher than prescribed, potentially causing adverse effects or complications for the patient. In an educational context, this question tests the nurse's ability to calculate intravenous infusion rates accurately, which is crucial in delivering safe and effective patient care. Nurses must understand medication dosages, dilutions, and infusion rates to prevent medication errors and ensure patient safety. Mastering these calculations is essential for nurses working in various healthcare settings to provide quality care and improve patient outcomes.
Question 5 of 5
A client who is a Jehovah's Witness is admitted to the nursing unit. Which concern should the nurse have for planning care in terms of the client's beliefs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of nursing care for a Jehovah's Witness client, the correct concern for planning care is option B: Blood transfusions are forbidden. This is because Jehovah's Witnesses refuse blood transfusions based on their religious beliefs. It is crucial for nurses to respect and adhere to the client's wishes regarding blood products to provide culturally competent care. Option A, autopsy of the body being prohibited, is not a primary concern in immediate care planning for a Jehovah's Witness client. While this is a belief in the faith, it does not have the same urgent implications as the prohibition of blood transfusions. Option C, alcohol use in any form is not allowed, is not directly related to the urgent care planning needs of a Jehovah's Witness client and is not a significant concern compared to the prohibition of blood transfusions. Option D, a vegetarian diet must be followed, is also not as critical as the prohibition of blood transfusions in the context of immediate care planning for a Jehovah's Witness client. While dietary considerations are important, they do not pose the same level of immediate risk as the refusal of blood transfusions. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding and respecting diverse cultural and religious beliefs in nursing practice. Nurses must be knowledgeable about different faith traditions to provide individualized, respectful care that aligns with the client's values and beliefs.