The clinic nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client. The nurse notes that the client is taking azelaic acid (Azelex). Because of the medication prescription, the nurse would suspect that the client is being treated for:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Azelaic acid (Azelex) is a topical medication used to treat mild to moderate acne. It works by suppressing the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and decreasing the proliferation of keratinocytes in the skin. Therefore, if a client is prescribed azelaic acid, the nurse would suspect that the client is being treated for acne.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Asparaginase is contraindicated in clients with a history of pancreatitis due to the risk of impairing pancreatic function and causing complications. Therefore, the healthcare provider should consult with the registered nurse to assess the client's history of pancreatitis before administering asparaginase.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) is a synthetic form of vasopressin used to treat diabetes insipidus, a condition characterized by excessive urination and extreme thirst. The correct therapeutic response to monitor for after administering DDAVP is a decreased urinary output. This is because DDAVP works by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing the volume of urine produced and helping to alleviate the symptoms of polyuria and polydipsia associated with diabetes insipidus. The incorrect options can be explained as follows: - Decreased blood pressure (Option B): DDAVP can cause an increase in blood pressure as a side effect, so a decrease in blood pressure would not be the expected therapeutic response. - Decreased peripheral edema (Option C): DDAVP does not directly affect peripheral edema, so a decrease in edema would not be the expected therapeutic response. - Decreased blood glucose level (Option D): DDAVP does not have a direct effect on blood glucose levels, so a decrease in blood glucose would not be the expected therapeutic response. In an educational context, understanding the mechanism of action of medications is crucial for nurses to assess and evaluate therapeutic responses accurately. In the case of DDAVP, knowing that it works by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys helps nurses identify the expected outcome of decreased urinary output. This knowledge enhances patient care and ensures optimal medication effectiveness.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Ondansetron, also known as Zofran, is an antiemetic medication primarily used to treat nausea and vomiting. In the postoperative setting, it is commonly administered to manage postoperative nausea and vomiting, which are frequent occurrences after surgery. Ondansetron works by blocking serotonin, a natural substance in the body that can trigger nausea and vomiting. It is also utilized to manage chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Therefore, the correct condition for which ondansetron should be administered to the postoperative client is nausea and vomiting.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Relief of epigastric pain. Misoprostol is a medication often prescribed alongside NSAIDs to help protect the stomach lining and prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding, which are common side effects of long-term NSAID use. Epigastric pain is a key symptom of NSAID-induced gastric irritation, so relief of this pain indicates that misoprostol is effectively providing gastroprotective benefits. Option A) Resolved diarrhea is incorrect because misoprostol is not primarily used to treat diarrhea but rather to prevent gastric ulcers. Options C) Decreased platelet count and D) Decreased white blood cell count are also incorrect as misoprostol does not typically affect blood cell counts. These options are not related to the therapeutic effect of misoprostol in the context of NSAID use. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind using misoprostol with NSAIDs is essential for healthcare providers to ensure the safe and effective management of patients on chronic NSAID therapy. Knowing the expected therapeutic outcomes helps nurses and other healthcare professionals assess the effectiveness of the treatment and monitor for any potential adverse effects.