HESI RN
HESI Quizlet Fundamentals Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client with cholecystitis is being instructed on dietary choices. Which meal best meets the dietary needs of this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cholecystitis requires a low-fat diet to reduce stress on the gallbladder. The meal of broiled fish, green beans, and an apple aligns with this dietary recommendation by providing lean protein and low-fat, high-fiber foods that are easier for the body to digest, making it the most suitable choice for a client with cholecystitis.
Question 2 of 5
The healthcare professional is using the Glasgow Coma Scale to perform a neurologic assessment. A comatose client winces and pulls away from a painful stimulus. What action should the healthcare professional take next?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Document that the client responds to a painful stimulus. In the context of using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) for a neurologic assessment, the client's response of wincing and pulling away from a painful stimulus indicates a motor response to pain. This is a crucial piece of information to document accurately in the client's medical record as it provides valuable insight into the client's level of consciousness and neurologic function. Option B) Observe the client's response to verbal stimulation is incorrect because the scenario specifically describes a response to a painful stimulus, not verbal stimulation. While assessing the client's response to verbal stimuli is important in a neurologic assessment, in this case, the focus is on the response to a painful stimulus. Option C) Place the client on seizure precautions for 24 hours is incorrect as there is no indication in the scenario that the client is at risk for seizures based on the provided information. Placing a client on seizure precautions without a valid reason can lead to unnecessary interventions and potential adverse effects. Option D) Report decorticate posturing to the healthcare provider is incorrect because the client's response of wincing and pulling away from a painful stimulus does not indicate decorticate posturing. Decorticate posturing involves specific abnormal posturing of the arms and legs that is indicative of severe brain injury, which is not described in the scenario. In an educational context, understanding the correct assessment and documentation of neurologic responses, such as those measured by the GCS, is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially in critical care settings. Accurate and timely assessment allows for appropriate interventions and monitoring of clients with neurologic alterations, improving patient outcomes and safety.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is completing a client's preoperative routine and finds that the operative permit is not signed. The client begins to ask more questions about the surgical procedure. Which action should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should inform the surgeon immediately that the operative permit is not signed and that the client has questions about the surgery. It is crucial for the surgeon to be aware of the situation so they can address the client's concerns, explain the procedure, and obtain the necessary signed permit before proceeding with the surgery. This ensures informed consent and compliance with preoperative protocols.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse finds a client crying behind a locked bathroom door. The client will not open the door. Which action should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When encountering a client in distress, the nurse's initial response should be to communicate with the client to assess the situation and provide support. By talking to the client and attempting to find out the reason for their distress, the nurse can offer appropriate assistance and ensure the client's well-being. This action prioritizes the client's emotional needs and helps establish a therapeutic relationship, which is essential in nursing care.
Question 5 of 5
When a health care provider diagnoses metastatic cancer and recommends a gastrostomy for an older female client in stable condition, the son tells the nurse that his mother must not be told the reason for the surgery because she 'can't handle' the cancer diagnosis. Which legal principle is the court most likely to uphold regarding this client's right to informed consent?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the scenario described, it is crucial for health care providers to obtain informed consent from the client before proceeding with any medical intervention. If informed consent is withheld and the treatment is carried out without the client's agreement, health care providers could be found guilty of negligence, specifically assault and battery. This legal principle emphasizes the importance of respecting a client's autonomy and right to make decisions about their own healthcare. Despite the son's wishes to withhold information from his mother, the client must be informed of the proposed treatment and given the opportunity to consent or refuse based on complete information provided by the healthcare team.