HESI RN
Pharmacology HESI Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client has a PRN prescription for loperamide hydrochloride (Imodium). The nurse understands that this medication is used for which condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Loperamide hydrochloride (Imodium) is an antidiarrheal medication commonly used to manage episodes of diarrhea. It works by slowing down gut movement and reducing the frequency of bowel movements. Loperamide is not indicated for constipation, abdominal pain, or hematest-positive nasogastric tube drainage. It is specifically useful in acute and chronic diarrhea, such as in cases of inflammatory bowel disease, to help control symptoms and decrease fluid loss.
Question 2 of 5
A histamine (H2)-receptor antagonist will be prescribed for a client. The nurse understands that which medications are H2-receptor antagonists? Select one that doesn't apply.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: H2-receptor antagonists like Nizatidine, Ranitidine, and Famotidine are used to suppress gastric acid secretion, relieve heartburn symptoms, and prevent complications of peptic ulcer disease. Ibuprofen, on the other hand, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for pain relief and inflammation, but it is not an H2-receptor antagonist. It is essential to differentiate between these medication classes to ensure appropriate treatment for gastrointestinal conditions.
Question 3 of 5
A client has been taking isoniazid (INH) for 2 months. The client complains to a nurse about numbness, paresthesias, and tingling in the extremities. The nurse interprets that the client is experiencing:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Peripheral neuritis. Isoniazid (INH) is a medication commonly used to treat tuberculosis but can lead to peripheral neuritis as a side effect due to its neurotoxic effects. Peripheral neuritis presents with symptoms such as numbness, paresthesias, and tingling in the extremities, which align with the client's complaints. Option A) Hypercalcemia is incorrect because the symptoms described are not indicative of high calcium levels in the blood. Option C) Small blood vessel spasm is incorrect as it does not align with the symptoms associated with INH use. Option D) Impaired peripheral circulation is incorrect as it does not explain the specific neurological symptoms experienced by the client. Educationally, understanding the side effects of medications is crucial for nurses to provide safe and effective care. Recognizing the manifestations of peripheral neuritis in a patient taking INH can prompt timely intervention, such as adjusting the medication regimen or providing supportive care to alleviate symptoms and prevent further complications.
Question 4 of 5
When caring for a client with cancer receiving cisplatin, what adverse effects should the nurse monitor for? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In caring for a client receiving cisplatin, monitoring for adverse effects is crucial. Tinnitus is a known side effect of cisplatin due to its ototoxicity. Cisplatin can cause damage to the inner ear structures, leading to tinnitus. The correct option, A, is pertinent to this adverse effect. Insomnia (option B) is not a common adverse effect of cisplatin. Hyperkalemia (option C) and hypercalcemia (option D) are not typically associated with cisplatin use. Educationally, understanding the side effects of chemotherapy drugs like cisplatin is essential for nurses caring for oncology patients. Monitoring and recognizing these adverse effects promptly can help in managing and improving patient outcomes.
Question 5 of 5
A client with diabetes mellitus is prescribed Humulin NPH insulin. The client asks the nurse how to store unopened vials of insulin. The nurse instructs the client to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Unopened vials of insulin should be stored in the refrigerator until needed. Freezing insulin can damage it, affecting its efficacy. Storing insulin in a dark, dry place or at room temperature is not recommended as it can lead to degradation of the insulin. Refrigeration helps maintain the stability and effectiveness of insulin.