HESI RN
Pharmacology HESI Questions
Question 1 of 5
Tamoxifen is prescribed for the client with metastatic breast carcinoma. The nurse understands that the primary action of this medication is to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The primary action of tamoxifen, an antineoplastic medication used in metastatic breast carcinoma, is to compete with estradiol for binding to estrogen receptors in tissues with high receptor concentrations. By doing so, tamoxifen reduces DNA synthesis and estrogen response, leading to its therapeutic effect in inhibiting the growth of estrogen-sensitive breast cancer cells.
Question 2 of 5
The client has begun medication therapy with pancrelipase (Pancrease MT). The nurse evaluates that the medication is having the optimal intended benefit if which effect is observed?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pancrelipase (Pancrease MT) is a pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy used to aid digestion in clients with pancreatic insufficiency. One of the key goals of pancrelipase therapy is to reduce the amount of undigested fat in the stool, known as steatorrhea. Therefore, the nurse should evaluate the effectiveness of pancrelipase by looking for a reduction in steatorrhea, indicating improved digestion and absorption of fats.
Question 3 of 5
The client has been taking omeprazole (Prilosec) for 4 weeks. The ambulatory care nurse evaluates that the client is receiving the optimal intended effect of the medication if the client reports the absence of which symptom?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, is used as an antiulcer agent to reduce gastric acid secretion. The optimal intended effect of omeprazole is the relief of pain and discomfort associated with gastric irritation, commonly referred to as heartburn. Therefore, the absence of heartburn indicates that the medication is working effectively in managing the client's gastric condition.
Question 4 of 5
A client has a prescription to take guaifenesin (Humibid) every 4 hours, as needed. The nurse determines that the client understands the most effective use of this medication if the client states that he or she will:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Guaifenesin is an expectorant used to help loosen mucus and make coughs more productive. Taking it with a full glass of water helps decrease the viscosity of secretions, making it easier to expel mucus from the respiratory tract. It is important not to crush sustained-release tablets, as this can alter the intended release of the medication and lead to potential adverse effects.
Question 5 of 5
A client has been started on long-term therapy with rifampin (Rifadin). A nurse teaches the client that the medication:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Causes orange discoloration of sweat, tears, urine, and feces. Rifampin is a medication known to cause this distinctive side effect, which is important for the client to be aware of to prevent unnecessary concern or alarm. Educating the client about this potential side effect promotes understanding and adherence to the prescribed treatment plan. Option A) Should always be taken with food or antacids is incorrect because rifampin is actually best absorbed on an empty stomach, so taking it with food or antacids may reduce its effectiveness. Option B) Should be double-dosed if one dose is forgotten is incorrect because doubling the dose can lead to harmful effects or toxicity. It is essential to adhere to the prescribed dosing schedule and never double up on doses. Option D) May not be discontinued independently if symptoms are gone in 3 months is incorrect because rifampin is often used for long-term therapy, especially in the treatment of conditions like tuberculosis. Discontinuing the medication prematurely can result in treatment failure or the development of drug-resistant strains of bacteria. In the educational context, understanding the side effects, correct administration, and importance of adherence to prescribed medications are crucial aspects of pharmacological education for both healthcare providers and clients to ensure safe and effective treatment outcomes.