HESI RN
HESI RN CAT Exit Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
Oxygen at liters/min per nasal cannula PRN difficult breathing is prescribed for a client with pneumonia. Which nursing intervention is effective in preventing oxygen toxicity?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Oxygen toxicity can occur with prolonged exposure to high levels of oxygen. 2. Administering high levels of oxygen for extended periods increases the risk of oxygen toxicity. 3. Therefore, avoiding the administration of high levels of oxygen for extended periods is effective in preventing oxygen toxicity. Summary: - Choice A is correct because it addresses the root cause of oxygen toxicity by avoiding prolonged exposure to high levels of oxygen. - Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly address the prevention of oxygen toxicity and may even pose risks to the client's respiratory status.
Question 2 of 5
A child with Leukemia is admitted for chemotherapy, and the nursing diagnosis, altered nutrition, less than body requirements related to anorexia, nausea, vomiting is identified. Which intervention should the nurse include in this child's plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The child is experiencing altered nutrition due to anorexia, nausea, and vomiting from chemotherapy. Step 2: Allowing the child to eat foods desired and tolerated promotes intake and prevents further nutritional deficits. Step 3: Restricting foods from fast food restaurants may limit the child's choices and lead to decreased intake. Step 4: Recommending eating the same foods as siblings may not consider the child's specific needs and preferences. Step 5: Encouraging large portions at every meal may overwhelm the child and worsen symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
In preparing to administer a scheduled dose of intravenous furosemide (Lasix) to a client with heart failure, the nurse notes that the client's B-Type Naturetic peptide (BNP) is elevated. What action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is to administer the dose of furosemide as scheduled. Furosemide is a diuretic commonly used in heart failure to reduce fluid overload and relieve symptoms. An elevated BNP level indicates worsening heart failure, so administering furosemide can help reduce fluid retention and improve heart function. Holding the dose (choice D) can worsen the client's condition. Checking oxygen saturation (choice A) is not directly related to furosemide administration. Administering nitroglycerin (choice B) is not indicated for elevated BNP levels.
Question 4 of 5
A client with an electrical burn on the forearm asks the nurse why there is no feeling of pain from the burn. During the dressing change, the nurse determines that the burn is dry, waxy, and white. What information should the nurse provide this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Full-thickness burns destroy the nerves, leading to a lack of pain sensation. The dry, waxy appearance and white color of the burn also indicate deeper tissue involvement. Choice A is incorrect because minor burns typically involve only the superficial layers of the skin and would not result in nerve destruction. Choice B is incorrect as nerve compression does not explain the lack of pain in this scenario. Choice D is incorrect because second-degree burns, which involve the epidermis and part of the dermis, are usually painful due to intact nerve endings.
Question 5 of 5
A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is admitted for antibiotic treatment of a leg ulcer. Which signs and symptoms, indicative of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS), should the nurse report to the healthcare provider? (Select one that doesn't apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Presence of uremic frost. In hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS), there is severe hyperglycemia leading to osmotic diuresis, dehydration, and hyperosmolality. Uremic frost is not a symptom of HHNS but is associated with severe chronic kidney disease. Increased heart rate, visual disturbances, and decreased mentation are common signs of HHNS due to the effects of hyperglycemia on the body's organs and nervous system.