Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for a client with a burn injury. When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort and burning. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct action is to inform the client that local discomfort and burning are normal reactions to Mafenide acetate. This medication is used to treat burns by reducing bacteria in avascular tissues. Discontinuing the medication or applying a thinner film than prescribed is not necessary or recommended in this situation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Bleomycin, when administered intravenously, can lead to interstitial pneumonitis and potentially progress to pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, pulmonary function studies are essential to monitor lung function and detect any early signs of pulmonary toxicity. Other tests, such as regular pulmonary assessments, should also be conducted to ensure the safety and well-being of the client.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Numbness and tingling in the fingers and toes. Vincristine, a vinca alkaloid chemotherapy agent, commonly causes peripheral neuropathy as a side effect. This neurotoxicity presents as numbness, tingling, or even pain in the extremities. Educationally, understanding the side effects of chemotherapeutic agents is crucial for nurses caring for oncology patients. Option A) Diarrhea is a common side effect of many chemotherapy drugs, but it is not specific to vincristine. Option B) Hair loss is a side effect seen with drugs like doxorubicin, not vincristine. Option C) Chest pain is not a typical side effect of vincristine but may be associated with other cardiac-related issues or chemotherapy agents like anthracyclines. In nursing practice, recognizing and monitoring for specific side effects of chemotherapy drugs are essential to ensure early detection and intervention, providing optimal care for patients undergoing cancer treatment. Nurses must be knowledgeable about potential side effects to provide comprehensive care and support for patients receiving chemotherapy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is option A) "I can take aspirin or my antihistamine if I need it." This statement indicates a need for further teaching because it suggests the client may self-medicate with aspirin or antihistamines without consulting their healthcare provider. This is concerning as these medications may interact with prednisone or not be safe given the client's current health condition. Option B) "I need to take the medication every day at the same time" is correct as it demonstrates an understanding of the importance of medication adherence for optimal therapeutic effect. Option C) "I need to avoid coffee, tea, cola, and chocolate in my diet" is incorrect as there are no specific dietary restrictions associated with prednisone use. Option D) "If I gain more than 5 pounds a week, I will call my doctor" is incorrect as it shows an understanding of the need to monitor for side effects of prednisone, which is a crucial aspect of medication management. In an educational context, it is essential to emphasize the importance of clear communication with healthcare providers regarding medication use and potential interactions. Patients should be encouraged to always consult their healthcare provider before taking any additional medications or making significant changes to their diet or lifestyle while on prescribed medications like prednisone. This reinforces the principles of safe medication practices and patient-centered care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Loperamide hydrochloride (Imodium) is an antidiarrheal medication commonly used to manage episodes of diarrhea. It works by slowing down gut movement and reducing the frequency of bowel movements. Loperamide is not indicated for constipation, abdominal pain, or hematest-positive nasogastric tube drainage. It is specifically useful in acute and chronic diarrhea, such as in cases of inflammatory bowel disease, to help control symptoms and decrease fluid loss.