An adolescent's mother calls the primary HCP's office to inquire about the results of her daughter's serum test that was drawn last week. Since it is the teenager's 18th birthday, how should the nurse respond to this mother's inquiry?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Explain that the information cannot be released without the 18-year-old's permission. This response aligns with the principles of patient confidentiality and autonomy, which are crucial in healthcare, especially when dealing with adolescents transitioning to adulthood. At 18 years old, individuals have the legal right to control their health information and make decisions about its disclosure. Option A is incorrect because the last clinic visit is not relevant to the issue of releasing test results. Option B is inappropriate as it bypasses the adolescent's right to privacy and autonomy by involving the mother without the teenager's consent. Option C is incorrect because sharing the findings without the adolescent's permission violates their right to confidentiality and informed decision-making. In a pediatric nursing context, respecting adolescents' confidentiality and autonomy is essential for building trust and promoting their independence in managing their health. Educating parents and adolescents about confidentiality laws and rights can empower them to navigate healthcare decisions effectively as the adolescent transitions into adulthood.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "My child should breathe in quickly after pressing the inhaler." This statement indicates a need for further teaching because when using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI), it is essential for the child to inhale slowly and deeply to ensure that the medication reaches the lungs effectively. Breathing in quickly can lead to the medication depositing in the mouth or throat rather than reaching the airways where it is needed. Option A is correct because shaking the inhaler before each use helps to ensure proper dispersion of the medication. Option C is also correct as waiting a minute between puffs allows each dose to take full effect before administering the next one. Option D is correct as using a spacer with the inhaler helps to improve medication delivery and reduces the risk of side effects like oral thrush. In an educational context, it is crucial for caregivers of children with asthma to receive thorough instruction on the proper use of inhalers to optimize treatment effectiveness. Emphasizing correct inhaler technique, including the importance of slow and deep inhalation, can significantly impact the child's asthma management and overall well-being. Regular reinforcement and evaluation of inhaler technique are vital components of pediatric asthma care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, option C, "We will lay our baby on their stomach after feeding," indicates a need for further teaching because placing an infant on their stomach after feeding increases the risk of choking and aspiration, especially in a baby with a history of pyloric stenosis. Option A, burping the baby more frequently during feedings, is correct because it helps prevent gas buildup and discomfort in infants. Option B, feeding the baby in an upright position, is also correct as it helps reduce the risk of reflux and aspiration. Option D, starting with small, frequent feedings, is appropriate for infants with pyloric stenosis as it prevents overloading the stomach and reduces the likelihood of vomiting. In a pediatric nursing context, it is crucial to educate parents on safe feeding practices for infants, especially those with a history of medical conditions like pyloric stenosis. Providing clear instructions on feeding positions, burping techniques, and feeding schedules can help ensure the well-being of the infant and prevent complications. It is important to reinforce these key points during discharge teaching to promote optimal care and safety at home.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The practical nurse should advise the mother to continue providing the oral rehydration solution (ORS) frequently in small amounts. It is essential to continue ORS administration to prevent dehydration, even if the child is occasionally vomiting. Small, frequent amounts of ORS help maintain hydration levels in children with acute diarrhea and mild dehydration.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Wearing long pants and long-sleeved shirts is an effective preventive measure against tick bites, which reduces the risk of contracting Lyme disease. This attire helps to minimize skin exposure to ticks, thereby decreasing the chances of a tick attaching and transmitting the disease-causing bacteria.