HESI RN
HESI Community Health Questions
Question 1 of 5
access t o heal thcare Downloaded by Dawson maxwell ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|38437257 The nurse worki ng i n a community health clinic that serves recent Somali immi grants notes that most mothers refuse to give permi ssion for routine immunizati ons of thei r preschool ers. Which i ndi vidu al i s l ikel y to have the most i nfl uential on these women's perceptions about their chil dren's heal thcare needs?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) older females. Older females, likely grandmothers or elder women in the Somali community, hold significant influence over health decision-making for children. In many cultures, including Somali, older women are respected for their wisdom and experience, often playing a pivotal role in shaping beliefs and practices related to healthcare. They may hold traditional beliefs or have cultural values that impact the mothers' perceptions of their children's healthcare needs. Option A) husbands may have influence in decision-making, but in the context of this community, older females are typically more influential in matters related to childcare. Option B) clinic healthcare providers may have authority, but cultural beliefs and values may supersede their recommendations. Option D) tribal chief might hold authority, but in this case, it is more likely that the influence of older females within the community is stronger. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of cultural competence in community health nursing. Understanding the cultural dynamics and influencers within a specific population is crucial for providing effective and respectful care. Nurses must consider and respect the cultural beliefs and values of the community they serve to build trust and promote positive health outcomes.
Question 2 of 5
Which bioterrorism agent is at high risk for use as a potential biological weapon that i s readily transmitted by several portals of entry?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this question, the correct answer is A) anthrax. Anthrax is a high-risk bioterrorism agent because it is readily transmitted by several portals of entry, making it a potential biological weapon. Anthrax spores can enter the body through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact, allowing for multiple routes of exposure and infection. The incorrect options are B) smallpox, C) botulism, and D) tularemia. Smallpox, although a serious infectious disease, has been eradicated globally through vaccination efforts. Botulism is a toxin produced by bacteria found in contaminated food, not easily transmissible from person to person like anthrax. Tularemia is a bacterial disease transmitted through insect bites, animal contact, or inhalation, but it is not as easily transmissible by multiple routes as anthrax. In an educational context, understanding the characteristics of various bioterrorism agents is crucial for community health nurses to effectively respond to potential threats. Recognizing the transmission routes and symptoms of these agents can help in early detection, containment, and mitigation of bioterrorism incidents, safeguarding public health and safety.
Question 3 of 5
A government office worker is seen in the emergency room after opening an envelope containing a powder-like substance which is being tested for anthrax. Which discharge instruction should the nurse provide the client concerning inhalation anthrax?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) return to the emergency room if flu-like symptoms develop within 42 days. This instruction is crucial because inhalation anthrax symptoms can mimic those of the flu initially, and early detection and treatment are key to a better prognosis. By advising the client to seek medical attention promptly if flu-like symptoms develop, the nurse is ensuring timely evaluation and appropriate management. Option B) notify co-workers to get the anthrax vaccine at the public health department is incorrect because there is no vaccine available for anthrax exposure. Anthrax vaccine is only recommended for prevention, not for post-exposure treatment. Option C) isolation from friends and family members is recommended for 3 weeks is incorrect as it is not necessary for inhalation anthrax. Anthrax is not transmitted person-to-person, so isolation is not required. Option D) cleanse all surfaces touched with pre-moistened anti-bacterial wipes is incorrect because anthrax is primarily spread through inhalation of spores, not through surface contact. While general hygiene practices are important, they are not the primary focus in managing inhalation anthrax exposure. In an educational context, understanding the specific instructions for managing anthrax exposure is vital for healthcare professionals working in community health settings. Providing accurate information and clear instructions to clients in such situations can significantly impact their outcomes and overall well-being.
Question 4 of 5
An adolescent tells the school nurse that she is pregnant. Her last menstrual period was 4 months ago. She has not received any medical care. She smokes but denies any other substance use. What is the priority nursing action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct priority nursing action is to refer the adolescent for prenatal care (Option B). This choice is the most critical as it ensures the health and well-being of both the adolescent and her unborn child. Referring her for prenatal care is essential because it will provide the necessary medical attention, monitoring, and support throughout her pregnancy. Early prenatal care can help detect and address any potential complications, provide education on healthy behaviors, and ensure proper development of the fetus. The other options are not the priority in this situation: A) Notifying her parents may be important for support and involvement, but the immediate need is for prenatal care to ensure the health of both the adolescent and the baby. C) Teaching breastfeeding methods and D) offering nutritional instructions are important aspects of prenatal care but are secondary to ensuring she receives medical care promptly. In an educational context, understanding the hierarchy of nursing actions based on priority is crucial. This scenario highlights the significance of timely and appropriate interventions in promoting positive health outcomes for both the adolescent and her unborn child. It emphasizes the critical role of the nurse in advocating for and facilitating access to essential healthcare services.
Question 5 of 5
When developing a presentation on injury prevention for high school students in a health education class, which topic is most important for the nurse to include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the context of developing a presentation on injury prevention for high school students in a health education class, the most important topic for the nurse to include is seat belt safety (Option C). This is because motor vehicle accidents are a leading cause of injury and death among teenagers. By emphasizing the importance of seat belt use, the nurse can directly address a key risk factor for serious injuries in this age group. Sports-related injuries (Option A) are important to address, but they are more specific and may not apply to all students. Substance abuse (Option B) and pregnancy prevention (Option D) are also significant topics, but they do not directly pertain to injury prevention through seat belt safety, which is crucial for all high school students regardless of their personal situations. Educationally, focusing on seat belt safety provides a practical and universal message that can help students make safer choices every time they get in a vehicle. By highlighting this topic, the nurse can contribute to reducing the risk of serious injuries and fatalities among high school students, making a direct impact on their well-being and promoting lifelong safety habits.