HESI RN
HESI RN Exit Exam Capstone Questions
Question 1 of 5
A teenager presents to the emergency department with palpitations after vaping at a party. The client is anxious, fearful, and hyperventilating. Which acid-base imbalance does the nurse anticipate the client developing?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperventilation from anxiety or fear causes an excessive loss of CO2, leading to respiratory alkalosis. This shift in pH results from the rapid, shallow breathing that reduces the level of carbon dioxide in the blood. Respiratory acidosis would occur in cases of poor ventilation or CO2 retention, while metabolic acidosis/alkalosis relates to disturbances in bicarbonate, not breathing patterns.
Question 2 of 5
A female client with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is sedated and on a ventilator with 50% FIO2. What assessment finding warrants immediate intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diminished breath sounds in a sedated client with ARDS and on a ventilator indicate collapsed alveoli, which requires immediate intervention, such as chest tube insertion, to prevent further lung damage.
Question 3 of 5
To prevent unnecessary hypoxia during suctioning of a tracheostomy, the nurse must
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Suctioning for more than 10 seconds can cause hypoxia, so it should be limited to 10 seconds at most.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse has been teaching a client with congestive heart failure about proper nutrition. The selection of which lunch indicates the client has learned about sodium restriction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The selection of a sliced turkey sandwich and canned pineapple shows an understanding of sodium restriction.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a recent myocardial infarction is prescribed a beta-blocker. What side effect should the nurse monitor for?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-blockers can cause hypotension, so it's important to monitor the client's blood pressure closely.
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