A school nurse is providing education on the importance of physical activity to elementary school students. Which activity is most appropriate for this age group?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: An interactive game that involves physical movement is the most appropriate activity for elementary school students when educating them on the importance of physical activity. This choice is preferred because it engages children directly in physical activity, making the learning experience fun, interactive, and memorable. Children at this age group learn best through hands-on experiences and active participation, which can be effectively facilitated through interactive games. Choices A, C, and D are less suitable for this age group as they do not actively involve children in physical movement or interactive learning experiences. A lecture may not be engaging enough for young children, a worksheet may not provide the required level of activity, and a video presentation may not offer the same level of direct engagement and participation as an interactive game.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Promoting bystander intervention is the most effective strategy as it empowers students to take action and prevent bullying incidents. By encouraging bystanders to intervene when they witness bullying, the behavior is less likely to continue. Zero-tolerance policies may have limited effectiveness as they often focus on punishment rather than prevention. Peer mediation and conflict resolution workshops are valuable but may not directly address the immediate need for bystander intervention in bullying situations.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should prioritize completing a physical and mental exam on the client. This action is crucial to assess the client's health status comprehensively and identify any underlying issues contributing to her unkempt appearance, odor of stale urine, and confusion. Calling the pharmacy to determine medications (Choice A) may be important but is not the immediate priority. Seeking family assistance (Choice B) can be helpful, but the client's condition requires a thorough assessment first. While adult protective services (Choice D) may be necessary in the future, the immediate action should be to assess the client's physical and mental health status.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In designing a smoking cessation program for a local community, including strategies for coping with withdrawal symptoms (Option B) is crucial because it addresses a significant barrier to quitting smoking. Withdrawal symptoms like cravings, irritability, and anxiety are common challenges individuals face when attempting to quit smoking. By equipping participants with coping strategies, such as deep breathing exercises, distraction techniques, or healthy alternatives, the program can enhance their ability to manage these symptoms effectively and increase their chances of successfully quitting. Option A, providing information on the health risks of smoking, is important but may not be as effective as addressing withdrawal symptoms directly. While knowledge of the health risks can motivate individuals to quit, it may not necessarily equip them with the practical tools needed to deal with the challenges of withdrawal. Option C, testimonials from former smokers, can be inspiring and offer emotional support, but without addressing coping strategies for withdrawal, participants may struggle to translate motivation into action. Option D, distributing nicotine replacement therapy, is a helpful intervention but should be part of a comprehensive program that also addresses behavioral and psychological aspects of smoking cessation. Simply providing nicotine replacement therapy without addressing coping strategies may not lead to long-term success in quitting smoking. In an educational context, understanding the importance of addressing withdrawal symptoms in smoking cessation programs is crucial for nurses and healthcare professionals working in community health. By focusing on practical strategies to help individuals manage withdrawal symptoms, healthcare providers can better support their clients in achieving successful smoking cessation outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option C) Metoprolol tartrate (Lopressor). Metoprolol is a selective beta-1 adrenergic receptor blocker, which is less likely to exacerbate asthma compared to non-selective beta blockers like propranolol (option D). Asthma is a condition characterized by bronchoconstriction, and non-selective beta blockers can potentially worsen this by blocking beta-2 receptors in the lungs, leading to bronchoconstriction. Therefore, choosing a selective beta blocker like metoprolol reduces the risk of bronchoconstriction in asthma patients. Options A and B, Pindolol (Visken) and Carteolol (Ocupress), are also non-selective beta blockers and can exacerbate asthma symptoms. It is essential for nurses to understand the pharmacological properties of medications to provide safe and effective care to clients with comorbid conditions like asthma and high blood pressure. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of selecting medications based on their specific pharmacological properties and understanding how different medications can impact various conditions a client may have. Nurses need to be well-versed in pharmacology to make informed decisions when caring for clients with multiple health issues.