A public health nurse is working with a community to improve access to mental health services. Which intervention is most likely to be effective?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of community health nursing, setting up mental health clinics in accessible locations (Option A) is the most effective intervention to improve access to mental health services. This option directly addresses the issue of accessibility by bringing services closer to the community members. By having clinics in convenient locations, individuals are more likely to seek and access the needed mental health support. Option B, distributing flyers, may raise awareness but doesn't guarantee increased access to services. Option C, offering transportation vouchers, addresses a barrier but may not be sustainable or address the root issue of accessibility. Option D, partnering with local businesses, is not directly related to improving access to mental health services. Educationally, it is crucial for community health nurses to understand the importance of addressing barriers to access when planning interventions. By choosing the most direct and impactful intervention, nurses can effectively contribute to improving the mental health outcomes of the community they serve.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct medication for the client with a blood pressure of 200/120 mm Hg is option D) Nitroprusside (Nipride). Nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator that acts quickly to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive emergencies. It is used when immediate blood pressure reduction is necessary to prevent end-organ damage. Option A) Metoprolol is a beta-blocker commonly used for hypertension, but it is not the best choice in this acute situation where rapid reduction is needed. Option B) Furosemide is a diuretic that helps reduce fluid volume and lower blood pressure over time. It is not the first-line treatment for hypertensive emergencies. Option C) Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor that is effective for long-term management of hypertension but does not provide the rapid reduction needed in this emergency. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses to understand the appropriate medications for hypertensive emergencies to prevent complications such as stroke, heart attack, or kidney damage. Knowing the mechanisms of action and indications for medications like Nitroprusside can help nurses make timely and effective clinical decisions to optimize patient outcomes in critical situations.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Absence of breath sounds, which requires immediate intervention. This finding indicates a potential critical situation where there is little to no air moving in the lungs, which could be a sign of a severe asthma exacerbation or even a life-threatening condition like pneumothorax. Immediate action is needed to assess and intervene to ensure the client's airway is patent and they are able to breathe effectively. Option A) Increased respiratory rate is a common symptom of asthma exacerbation but may not always indicate an immediate life-threatening situation. Option C) Expiratory wheezes are also common in asthma and indicate narrowed airways but may not be as critical as the absence of breath sounds. Option D) Productive cough with green sputum may suggest a respiratory infection but does not require immediate intervention as the absence of breath sounds. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of recognizing critical findings in clients with asthma and the need for prompt assessment and intervention in such situations to ensure client safety and well-being. It also emphasizes the significance of thorough assessment skills in community health nursing to provide timely and appropriate care to clients in various settings.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In evaluating a program designed to reduce the incidence of diabetes in the community, the most critical outcome indicating success is a reduction in the incidence of diabetes-related complications (Option C). This outcome directly reflects the effectiveness of the program in preventing the progression of the disease and reducing the burden on individuals and the healthcare system. Option A, increased participation in diabetes education sessions, is valuable for raising awareness and knowledge but does not directly measure the program's impact on disease incidence. Option B, higher rates of blood glucose monitoring, indicate improved management but do not necessarily show a decrease in new diabetes cases. Option D, greater knowledge of diabetes prevention methods, is important but does not guarantee a reduction in the actual occurrence of diabetes in the community. In an educational context, understanding the significance of outcome evaluation in community health programs is vital for nurses to assess the effectiveness of interventions. By focusing on measurable outcomes like reduced disease incidence, nurses can make informed decisions to improve community health outcomes and allocate resources effectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the finding that requires immediate intervention is "C) Tremors." Tremors are a sign of neuroglycopenia, which indicates severe hypoglycemia and potential brain damage if left untreated. Immediate action is needed to prevent further complications. Option A, "Blood glucose of 60 mg/dL," is not the most critical finding in this situation. While it indicates hypoglycemia, symptoms like tremors take precedence as they reflect the body's response to low glucose levels. Option B, "Heart rate of 100 beats per minute," can be a common physiological response to hypoglycemia and may not require immediate intervention unless it is associated with other severe symptoms. Option D, "Diaphoresis," while a symptom of hypoglycemia, is not as urgent as tremors in this case. Diaphoresis can be managed once the immediate threat of neuroglycopenia is addressed. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of recognizing and prioritizing symptoms in managing hypoglycemia effectively. It emphasizes the significance of understanding the hierarchy of interventions in emergency situations to provide optimal care for clients with diabetes mellitus.