HESI RN
HESI Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse reinforces discharge instructions to a postoperative client who is taking warfarin sodium (Coumadin). Which statement, if made by the client, reflects the need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, option D, "I will take Ecotrin (enteric-coated aspirin) for my headaches because it is coated," reflects the need for further teaching. Warfarin is an anticoagulant, and combining it with aspirin, even if enteric-coated, can increase the risk of bleeding due to their combined blood-thinning effects. Option A is correct as taking warfarin at the same time daily helps maintain consistent blood levels for optimal effectiveness. Option B is correct as alcohol can interfere with warfarin's metabolism, affecting its efficacy. Option C is correct as wearing a Medic-Alert bracelet can inform healthcare providers of the client's anticoagulant therapy in case of emergencies. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of medication education, emphasizing the risks of drug interactions and the need for clear communication between healthcare providers and patients regarding anticoagulant therapy. Patients must be aware of the potential consequences of combining medications without healthcare provider approval to ensure their safety and treatment efficacy.
Question 2 of 5
A client is on nicotinic acid (niacin) for hyperlipidemia and the nurse provides instructions to the client about the medication. Which statement by the client would indicate an understanding of the instructions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aspirin or a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug can be taken 30 minutes before taking the medication to decrease flushing. Alcohol consumption needs to be avoided because it will enhance this side effect. The medication should be taken with meals, this will decrease gastrointestinal upset. Taking the medication with meals has no effect on the flushing. Clay-colored stools are a sign of hepatic dysfunction and should be immediately reported to the health care provider (HCP).
Question 3 of 5
While taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ), a client should be instructed to report which symptom if it develops during the course of this medication therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clients prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) should be educated about potential blood disorders associated with the medication. Early signs of these disorders include symptoms like sore throat, fever, and pallor. If the client experiences any of these symptoms, they should promptly notify their healthcare provider. Nausea, diarrhea, and headache are common side effects of TMP-SMZ that usually do not require immediate medical attention.
Question 4 of 5
Oxybutynin chloride (Ditropan XL) is prescribed for a client with neurogenic bladder. Which sign would indicate a possible toxic effect related to this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Signs of toxicity related to oxybutynin chloride (Ditropan XL) include central nervous system excitation, such as nervousness, restlessness, hallucinations, and irritability. Other signs of toxicity may include hypotension or hypertension, confusion, tachycardia, a flushed or red face, and signs of respiratory depression. Restlessness is a sign of central nervous system excitation, which can indicate a possible toxic effect of this medication.
Question 5 of 5
A healthcare professional is preparing to administer an intramuscular dose of penicillin to a client with a history of anaphylactic reactions to penicillin. Which action should the healthcare professional take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When dealing with a client who has a history of anaphylactic reactions to penicillin, the priority action for the healthcare professional is to have an epinephrine injection readily available in case of a severe allergic reaction. In such cases, the immediate focus is on being prepared to manage a potentially life-threatening situation. While checking the medication order for accuracy, administering a test dose, and asking the client about allergies are essential steps in medication administration, the first priority is ensuring the availability of epinephrine to address a severe allergic reaction promptly.