HESI RN
HESI Fundamentals Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A male client is laughing at a television program with his wife when the evening nurse enters the room. He says his foot is hurting and he would like a pain pill. How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct response for the nurse is option A) Ask him to rate his pain on a scale of 1 to 10. This is the most appropriate action because pain assessment is a crucial aspect of nursing care. By asking the client to rate his pain, the nurse can gather essential information to determine the intensity of the pain and make informed decisions regarding pain management. Option B is incorrect as it suggests delaying pain relief, which goes against the principle of providing timely and effective pain management. Option C is also incorrect because all clients deserve prompt attention and care regardless of their current activity or demeanor. Option D is not the best initial response in this situation, as assessing pain intensity should be the priority before implementing pain management strategies. In an educational context, understanding the importance of pain assessment and management is fundamental for nursing students. Effective pain management is essential for improving patient outcomes and quality of life. By prioritizing pain assessment and individualizing pain management strategies, nurses can provide holistic and patient-centered care.
Question 2 of 5
In taking a client's history, the nurse asks about the stool characteristics. Which description should the nurse report to the health care provider as soon as possible?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In nursing practice, assessing stool characteristics is crucial as it provides valuable insights into a patient's gastrointestinal health. Option A, reporting daily black, sticky stool, should be communicated to the healthcare provider immediately as it may indicate the presence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, possibly from the stomach or upper small intestine. This sign requires urgent evaluation and intervention to prevent further complications. Options B, C, and D describe variations of normal stool characteristics, which do not raise immediate concerns. Dark brown stool (Option B) is a common color variation influenced by diet and transit time. Firm brown stool every other day (Option C) may indicate a normal bowel pattern for some individuals. Soft light brown stool twice a day (Option D) can also be within the spectrum of normal stool consistency. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of recognizing abnormal findings during a health assessment. Nurses need to differentiate between normal and abnormal stool characteristics to identify potential health issues promptly. Understanding these distinctions is essential for providing safe and effective patient care.
Question 3 of 5
An older adult who recently began self-administration of insulin calls the nurse daily to review the steps that should be taken when giving an injection. The nurse has assessed the client's skills during two previous office visits and knows that the client is capable of giving the daily injection. Which response by the nurse is likely to be most helpful in encouraging the client to assume total responsibility for the daily injections?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct response, "C) When I watched you give yourself the injection, you did it correctly," is the most helpful in encouraging the client to assume total responsibility for daily injections because it provides positive reinforcement and acknowledges the client's capability and successful performance. By affirming the client's correct technique, the nurse boosts the client's confidence and self-efficacy, which are crucial for promoting independence in self-care activities like insulin administration. Option A is incorrect because simply stating that the client is capable without specific feedback or reinforcement may not address the client's need for encouragement or validation of their actions. Option B is incorrect as it introduces the idea of nervousness, which may increase the client's anxiety and undermine their self-confidence. Option D is incorrect as it puts the responsibility back on the nurse instead of empowering the client to take control of their self-care. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to employ positive reinforcement and constructive feedback when teaching and supporting patients in self-care activities. By acknowledging and praising correct actions, nurses can motivate patients to take on more responsibility for their health management, leading to improved outcomes and increased self-confidence.
Question 4 of 5
The healthcare provider is assessing the nutritional status of several clients. Which client has the greatest nutritional need for additional intake of protein?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A lactating woman (B) has the greatest need for additional protein intake. Lactation increases the metabolic demands for protein to support milk production, making it essential for the mother to have a higher protein intake. While clients in choices A, C, and D also require protein for various reasons, they do not have the same increased protein demands as a lactating woman.
Question 5 of 5
A client is to receive cimetidine (Tagamet) 300 mg q6h IVP. The preparation arrives from the pharmacy diluted in 50 ml of 0.9% NaCl. The nurse plans to administer the IVPB dose over 20 minutes. For how many ml/hr should the infusion pump be set to deliver the secondary infusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) 150 ml/hr. To determine the correct infusion rate, we need to consider the total volume to be infused (50 ml) over the specified time (20 minutes). First, convert 20 minutes to hours (20/60 = 1/3 hr). Then, divide the total volume by the time to get the rate: 50 ml / 1/3 hr = 150 ml/hr. Option A) 75 ml/hr is incorrect because it would infuse the medication at half the required rate, which could lead to underdosing. Option C) 225 ml/hr and D) 300 ml/hr are incorrect as they would infuse the medication at a rate higher than prescribed, potentially causing adverse effects or complications for the patient. In an educational context, this question tests the nurse's ability to calculate intravenous infusion rates accurately, which is crucial in delivering safe and effective patient care. Nurses must understand medication dosages, dilutions, and infusion rates to prevent medication errors and ensure patient safety. Mastering these calculations is essential for nurses working in various healthcare settings to provide quality care and improve patient outcomes.