HESI RN
Pharmacology HESI Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A home health care nurse is visiting a client with elevated triglyceride levels and a serum cholesterol level of 398 mg/dL. The client is taking cholestyramine (Questran). Which of the following statements, if made by the client, indicates the need for further education?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nicotinic acid, even an over-the-counter form, should be avoided because it may lead to liver abnormalities. All lipid-lowering medications also can cause liver abnormalities, so a combination of nicotinic acid and cholestyramine resin is to be avoided. Constipation and bloating are the two most common side effects. Walking and the reduction of fats in the diet are therapeutic measures to reduce cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
Question 2 of 5
When monitoring a client for acute toxicity associated with bethanechol chloride (Urecholine), what sign should the nurse check for to indicate toxicity?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bradycardia. Toxicity from bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) can lead to excessive muscarinic stimulation, resulting in manifestations like salivation, sweating, involuntary urination and defecation, bradycardia, and severe hypotension. When facing toxicity, treatment involves supportive measures and administering atropine sulfate subcutaneously or intravenously.
Question 3 of 5
A client who has been taking isoniazid (INH) for tuberculosis asks the nurse about the medication. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, option C, "I should take the medication with an empty stomach," indicates the need for further teaching. This statement is incorrect because isoniazid (INH) should actually be taken on an empty stomach, 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals, to maximize absorption. Option A, limiting alcohol intake, is correct because alcohol can increase the risk of liver toxicity when taken with INH. Option B, notifying the doctor about yellowish skin color, is also correct as it could be a sign of liver damage. Option D, reporting numbness and tingling in extremities, is correct as it may indicate peripheral neuropathy, a side effect of INH. Educationally, understanding the correct administration and potential side effects of medications is crucial for patient safety and treatment efficacy. Teaching patients about their medications helps promote adherence and empowers them to monitor and report any concerning symptoms to their healthcare providers promptly.
Question 4 of 5
When providing instructions to a client taking ciprofloxacin (Cipro), which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to avoid taking ciprofloxacin (Cipro) with milk or antacids. These can interfere with the medication's absorption. Consuming extra dairy products or taking it with a multivitamin is not recommended for the same reason. If gastrointestinal upset occurs, the medication can be taken with food to help alleviate the symptoms.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client receiving lithium carbonate for bipolar disorder. Which finding should the nurse report immediately to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Persistent vomiting, which the nurse should report immediately to the healthcare provider. Persistent vomiting in a client receiving lithium carbonate is concerning as it can lead to dehydration and potentially increase lithium levels in the blood to toxic levels, causing serious complications. Option A) Increased thirst is a common side effect of lithium, but it is not as urgent as persistent vomiting. Option B) Fine hand tremors are also common side effects of lithium and do not pose an immediate threat to the client's well-being. Option C) Frequent urination is another expected side effect of lithium and does not require immediate medical attention unless it is excessive and causing dehydration. Educationally, it is crucial for nurses to understand the potential side effects of medications used in mental health conditions like bipolar disorder. Recognizing and reporting adverse effects promptly is essential in preventing complications and ensuring the safety and well-being of clients. Persistent vomiting, in this case, is a red flag that requires immediate intervention to prevent further harm.