A female client reports to the nurse that her sleep was interrupted by 'thoughts of anger towards my husband.' What type of thoughts is the client having?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Obsessive. The client's thoughts of anger towards her husband are indicative of obsessive thoughts. Obsessive thoughts are intrusive and unwanted, often causing distress to the individual experiencing them. In community health nursing, it is crucial to recognize signs of mental health issues like obsessive thoughts as they can impact a person's overall well-being and relationships. Option B) Phobic is incorrect because phobic thoughts are related to irrational fears of specific objects or situations, not feelings of anger towards a specific person like in this case. Option C) Delusional is incorrect as delusional thoughts involve beliefs that are not based in reality. The client in this scenario is experiencing thoughts of anger, which may be rooted in actual events or emotions. Option D) Paranoid is incorrect as paranoid thoughts involve unfounded suspicions and distrust of others, which is not the case in this scenario. Understanding different types of thoughts and their implications is essential for community health nurses to provide appropriate support and interventions for individuals experiencing mental health challenges. Recognizing the nature of the client's thoughts can guide the nurse in offering effective care and referrals for further assessment and treatment if needed.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The most effective strategy for engaging high school students in learning about sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is option D: facilitating a discussion on safe sex practices. This approach is student-centered, interactive, and promotes critical thinking and active participation. Facilitating a discussion allows students to ask questions, share their thoughts and experiences, and engage in peer-to-peer learning. It creates a safe environment for students to discuss sensitive topics openly and learn from each other. This approach also empowers students to take ownership of their sexual health by actively participating in the conversation. On the other hand, providing detailed statistical data on STI rates (option A) may overwhelm students with information and fail to engage them effectively. Distributing brochures about STI prevention (option B) may not promote active learning or allow for the interactive exchange of ideas. Showing a documentary on the impact of STIs (option C) may be informative but lacks the opportunity for students to actively participate and engage with the material. In an educational context, facilitating a discussion on safe sex practices aligns with principles of active learning, student engagement, and promoting a supportive learning environment. By choosing this strategy, the nurse can effectively educate high school students about STIs in a way that is interactive, informative, and empowering.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In planning an educational campaign to reduce the incidence of hypertension in the community, the primary target should be middle-aged adults (Option C). This group is at a higher risk for developing hypertension due to lifestyle factors such as poor diet, lack of exercise, and increased stress levels. Middle-aged adults often have established habits that contribute to hypertension, making them a crucial group to educate about prevention and management strategies. By targeting this age group, the public health nurse can have a significant impact on reducing hypertension rates in the community. Adolescents (Option A) may not be the primary target as they typically have lower rates of hypertension compared to middle-aged adults. Young adults (Option B) may also have lower prevalence rates and may not be as receptive to health campaigns targeting chronic conditions. Older adults (Option D) are another important group but may already be managing hypertension or have established healthcare routines. Educationally, understanding the demographics most at risk for hypertension allows for targeted interventions that can yield the greatest impact on community health outcomes. By focusing on middle-aged adults, the nurse can address risk factors specific to this group and tailor educational materials to effectively promote behavior change and hypertension management.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of educating new mothers about infant care, the priority topic should be signs of infant dehydration (Option A). Dehydration in infants can be a serious and potentially life-threatening issue, so recognizing the signs is crucial for prompt intervention and prevention of complications. By prioritizing this topic, the nurse empowers mothers to monitor their infant's health closely and seek help when needed. Proper diaper changing techniques (Option B) are important for maintaining infant hygiene but do not pose an immediate health risk compared to dehydration. While the immunization schedule (Option C) is vital for the infant's long-term health, understanding signs of dehydration takes precedence due to its urgent nature. Breastfeeding positions (Option D) are significant for successful breastfeeding but are not as critical as identifying dehydration in terms of immediate health consequences. Educationally, this prioritization highlights the importance of recognizing and responding to urgent health concerns in infants, equipping mothers with essential knowledge for early intervention. It also underscores the nurse's role in guiding parents on prioritizing infant care topics based on urgency and potential impact on the infant's well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of planning eye health programs at a preschool, the correct annual screening to include is visual acuity (Option A). Visual acuity screening is crucial in detecting refractive errors such as nearsightedness or farsightedness, as well as identifying potential eye conditions early on. This screening helps in ensuring that children have optimal vision for learning and development. Option B, red light reflex, is not typically included in routine preschool eye health screenings. Red light reflex is more commonly used in newborn screenings to detect abnormalities in the back of the eye. Option C, conjunctivitis, is a common eye infection but is not an annual screening test. It is diagnosed based on symptoms and clinical examination. Option D, glaucoma, is not typically screened for in preschool-aged children. Glaucoma is more common in older adults and is not a primary concern in eye health programs for preschoolers. Including visual acuity screening in preschool eye health programs is essential for early detection of vision problems that could impact a child's learning and development. Regular screenings help in timely interventions and support optimal eye health in young children.