HESI RN
HESI RN CAT Exit Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A college student who is diagnosed with a vaginal infection and vulva irritation describes the vaginal discharge as having a 'cottage cheese' appearance. Which prescription should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Instill the first dose of nystatin (Mycostatin) vaginally per applicator. This is the first step because the description of the vaginal discharge as having a 'cottage cheese' appearance is indicative of a yeast infection, which is commonly caused by Candida species. Nystatin is an antifungal medication that targets Candida, making it the appropriate initial treatment for this type of infection. Cleansing the perineum with warm soapy water (choice A) may provide temporary relief but does not address the underlying infection. Performing a glucose measurement (choice C) is not relevant in this case unless diabetes is suspected. Obtaining a blood specimen for STD testing (choice D) is not necessary based on the symptoms described.
Question 2 of 5
A male client with diabetes mellitus takes Novolin 70/30 insulin before meals and azithromycin (Zithromax) PO daily, using medication he brought from home. When the nurse delivers his breakfast tray, the client tells the nurse that he took his insulin but forgot to take his daily dose of the Zithromax an hour before breakfast as instructed. What action should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it is important for the client to maintain the appropriate timing of taking the Zithromax for optimal effectiveness. By instructing the client to eat breakfast and then take the Zithromax two hours after eating, the nurse ensures that the medication is still absorbed effectively without causing any potential GI upset. Option A is incorrect because waiting for a new breakfast tray is unnecessary and delays medication administration. Option C is incorrect as skipping a dose may lead to suboptimal treatment outcomes. Option D is incorrect as providing an antacid is not indicated in this situation and may not address the issue of timing the Zithromax correctly.
Question 3 of 5
Which instruction should the nurse provide to an elderly client who is taking an ACE inhibitor and a calcium channel blocker?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Change the position slowly. This instruction is important because both ACE inhibitors and calcium channel blockers can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness or fainting upon sudden position changes. By advising the client to change positions slowly, the nurse helps prevent falls and complications. A: Wearing long-sleeved clothing when outdoors is unrelated to the medications mentioned. B: Reporting the onset of a sore throat is important but not specific to the medications in question. C: Eating plenty of potassium-rich foods is important for those taking ACE inhibitors but not necessarily for those on calcium channel blockers.
Question 4 of 5
An experienced nurse tells the nurse-manager that working with a new graduate is impossible because the new graduate will not listen to suggestions. The new graduate comes to the nurse-manager describing the senior nurse's attitude as challenging and offensive. What action is best for the nurse manager to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The nurse manager should facilitate a meeting between both nurses to identify ways of working together. This approach promotes open communication, allows both nurses to express their perspectives, and fosters collaboration to address the conflict. By involving both nurses in finding solutions, the nurse manager promotes accountability and empowers them to take ownership of resolving their differences. This approach also promotes teamwork and mutual understanding, leading to a more positive work environment. Other Choices: A: Having both nurses meet separately with a mental health consultant may not address the root cause of the conflict and could potentially escalate the situation. B: While listening actively is important, simply offering suggestions may not fully address the underlying issues causing the conflict. C: Asking the senior nurse to examine mentoring strategies may be beneficial, but it does not directly address the need for both nurses to communicate and collaborate effectively.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse offers diet teaching to a female college student who was diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia following her voluntary adoption of a lacto-vegetarian diet. What nutrients should the nurse suggest this client eat to best meet her nutritional needs while allowing her to adhere to a lacto-vegetarian diet?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Legumes and grains such as beans and rice should be combined to form complete proteins. Legumes are rich in essential amino acids that are lacking in grains, and vice versa. By combining them, the client can ensure she is getting all essential amino acids needed for protein synthesis. This is crucial for red blood cell production and overall health. A: Drinking whole milk instead of skim milk will not enhance amino acid production. Skim milk is a good source of protein, but it is not essential for enhancing amino acid production. B: Taking vitamin K will not directly enhance the production of red blood cells. Iron is the key nutrient needed for red blood cell production in cases of iron-deficiency anemia. C: Dark yellow vegetables such as carrots are not the best source of iron. While they are nutritious, they do not provide the heme iron needed to address iron-deficiency anemia effectively.