Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Diuretics are prescribed to reduce fluid overload in clients with heart failure. By promoting urine output, diuretics help alleviate symptoms like shortness of breath and swelling. Positioning and dietary changes can also be part of the care plan, but administering diuretics is the immediate priority.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hyperglycemia in postoperative clients, especially those with diabetes, can be a sign of infection. The nurse should assess blood glucose levels to confirm hyperglycemia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Chronic alcoholism commonly leads to deficiencies in B vitamins, particularly thiamine, and vitamin C.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Weakness and shakiness can indicate hypoglycemia, a potential complication of TPN. Immediate intervention is necessary to assess blood glucose levels and provide treatment as needed.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Effective diabetes management involves comprehensive care, including proper foot care, insulin administration technique, and maintaining carbohydrate consistency with meals. All of these interventions are critical in reducing hyperglycemic episodes and managing diabetes.