HESI RN
Maternity HESI Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client whose labor is being augmented with an oxytocin (Pitocin) infusion requests an epidural for pain control. Findings of the last vaginal exam, performed 1 hour ago, were 3 cm cervical dilation, 60% effacement, and a -2 station. What action should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In a client receiving an oxytocin infusion who requests an epidural, it is crucial to give a bolus of intravenous fluids first. This action helps prevent hypotension, a common side effect of epidural anesthesia, before the placement of the epidural. Maintaining adequate hydration is essential to support maternal blood pressure stability during the procedure.
Question 2 of 5
In which chromosome pattern is Duchenne disease inherited?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the context of maternity, understanding the inheritance patterns of genetic disorders is crucial. Duchenne disease is inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. This means that the gene responsible for Duchenne disease is located on the X chromosome. Males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome, so if the X chromosome they inherit from their mother carries the gene for Duchenne disease, they will develop the condition. Autosomal dominant inheritance (Option A) would require both parents to pass on the gene for the disease, which is not the case for Duchenne disease. Autosomal recessive inheritance (Option B) would require both parents to be carriers of the gene for the disease, which is also not the case for Duchenne disease. Mitochondrial inheritance (Option D) involves genes passed down through the mitochondria, not the X chromosome, so it is not relevant to Duchenne disease. Educationally, understanding the inheritance patterns of genetic disorders is important for healthcare professionals working in maternity care to provide accurate genetic counseling and support to families at risk of passing on genetic conditions. By knowing the specific inheritance pattern of Duchenne disease, healthcare providers can better educate and support families affected by this condition.
Question 3 of 5
A child with leukemia is admitted for chemotherapy, and the nursing diagnosis 'altered nutrition, less than body requirements related to anorexia, nausea, and vomiting' is identified. Which intervention should the nurse include in this child's plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In children with leukemia undergoing chemotherapy, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting are common issues leading to altered nutrition. Providing small, frequent meals that are high in protein and calories is essential to address these symptoms and meet the child's nutritional needs effectively. This approach helps in managing the side effects of treatment and supporting the child's nutritional requirements during this challenging time.
Question 4 of 5
What should the nurse recommend to a woman with mastitis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of mastitis, which is inflammation of the breast tissue often caused by blocked milk ducts or bacterial infection, the correct recommendation for a woman experiencing this condition is to apply heat to the affected area. Heat helps to promote circulation, reduce pain, and facilitate milk flow, which can alleviate the symptoms of mastitis and aid in recovery. Option B, applying cold compresses, is not the recommended intervention for mastitis because cold may constrict blood vessels and hinder milk flow, exacerbating the issue. Option C, using a breast pump to express milk, can be beneficial in ensuring complete emptying of the breast, but it may not address the inflammation and infection present in mastitis. Option D, continuing breastfeeding as usual, is generally encouraged in cases of mastitis because frequent nursing helps to clear the blockage and maintain milk supply; however, this option does not directly address the inflammation and discomfort associated with mastitis. Educationally, it is important for nurses and healthcare providers to understand the appropriate management strategies for mastitis to provide effective care and support to breastfeeding women. By recommending heat application, nurses can help alleviate symptoms, promote healing, and support the woman in continuing to breastfeed her baby.
Question 5 of 5
A child with glomerulonephritis is asking for strawberries. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In glomerulonephritis, it is crucial to restrict the child's diet, particularly avoiding foods high in potassium like strawberries. Potassium restriction is essential because impaired kidney function in glomerulonephritis can lead to potassium retention, potentially causing hyperkalemia. Therefore, the nurse should restrict the child's diet to manage their condition effectively.