A client who has been taking isoniazid (INH) for tuberculosis asks the nurse about the medication. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, option C, "I should take the medication with an empty stomach," indicates the need for further teaching. This statement is incorrect because isoniazid (INH) should actually be taken on an empty stomach, 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals, to maximize absorption. Option A, limiting alcohol intake, is correct because alcohol can increase the risk of liver toxicity when taken with INH. Option B, notifying the doctor about yellowish skin color, is also correct as it could be a sign of liver damage. Option D, reporting numbness and tingling in extremities, is correct as it may indicate peripheral neuropathy, a side effect of INH. Educationally, understanding the correct administration and potential side effects of medications is crucial for patient safety and treatment efficacy. Teaching patients about their medications helps promote adherence and empowers them to monitor and report any concerning symptoms to their healthcare providers promptly.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Persistent vomiting, which the nurse should report immediately to the healthcare provider. Persistent vomiting in a client receiving lithium carbonate is concerning as it can lead to dehydration and potentially increase lithium levels in the blood to toxic levels, causing serious complications. Option A) Increased thirst is a common side effect of lithium, but it is not as urgent as persistent vomiting. Option B) Fine hand tremors are also common side effects of lithium and do not pose an immediate threat to the client's well-being. Option C) Frequent urination is another expected side effect of lithium and does not require immediate medical attention unless it is excessive and causing dehydration. Educationally, it is crucial for nurses to understand the potential side effects of medications used in mental health conditions like bipolar disorder. Recognizing and reporting adverse effects promptly is essential in preventing complications and ensuring the safety and well-being of clients. Persistent vomiting, in this case, is a red flag that requires immediate intervention to prevent further harm.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor blood glucose levels closely. Prednisone can elevate blood glucose levels, necessitating close monitoring. Adjusting the insulin dose may be necessary, but this should be managed by a healthcare provider. Prednisone should be taken with food to reduce gastrointestinal discomfort and should not be stopped suddenly to prevent adverse effects.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed alendronate (Fosamax) for osteoporosis is to take the medication with a full glass of water first thing in the morning. It should be taken at least 30 minutes before any food, beverage, or other medication. The client should also remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication to prevent esophageal irritation. Taking alendronate at bedtime or with food is not recommended as it may reduce its absorption and effectiveness.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The client should remove the old clonidine (Catapres) patch before applying a new one to prevent overdose. The patch is typically changed every 7 days. Avoiding alcohol consumption is important as it can potentiate the sedative effects of clonidine. It is recommended to rotate application sites to prevent skin irritation and ensure optimal drug absorption.